叶栅吸力面吸气位置与角区分离的关联性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2023.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高压压气机后面级的叶片吸力面三维角区内易堆积大量的低能流体。为了指导吸气槽设计，达到量化分析叶栅吸力面吸气槽位置与角区分离的关联性的目的，以一高负荷压气机叶栅为研究对象，采用计算流体力学仿真软件讨论了全叶高吸气槽轴向位置变化对叶栅性能的影响，并以角区分离起始位置到叶栅前缘之间的距离（Z_CS ）作为量化标准。研究表明：在设计工况附近，总压损失随着吸气槽轴向位置从前向后移动表现出了先减小后增大的趋势，且叶片吸力面吸气槽在不同工况下存在最佳轴向位置。在0°迎角时，当吸气槽距离分离点间的轴向距离为0.33倍的Z_CS 时为最佳，可使总压损失系数降低10.9%。这种量化结果借助角区分离结构实现了吸气槽轴向位置设计的标准化指导。

关键词: 压气机叶栅, 附面层抽吸, 总压损失, 角区分离, 低能流体, 流动控制

Abstract:

A vast bulk of low-energy fluid is easy to accumulate in the three-dimensional corner range of the rear stage in a high-pressure compressor. To quantitatively analyze the correlation between suction slot position and corner separation， this paper， taking a high-load compressor cascade as the research object， discusses the influence of the axial position changes in the full-span suction slot on the cascade performance by the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation software to guide suction slot design. As a result， it proposes the distance （ZCS） between the starting position of the corner separation and the leading edge of the cascade as the quantitative standard. It is found that the total pressure loss decreases first and then increases as the axial position of the suction slot moves upstream around the design working conditions， and there is an optimal axial position of the suction slot on the blade suction surface in different conditions. At the angle of incidence of 0°， the optimal performance can be achieved when the axial distance between suction slot and separation point is 0.33 times as much as ZCS， and the total pressure loss coefficient can be reduced by 10.9%. With the help of the corner separation structure， this quantitative result realizes the standardized guidance of the axial position design of the suction slot.

Key words: compressor cascade, boundary layer suction, total pressure loss, corner separation, low-energy fluid, flow control

中图分类号:

李凤鸣, 桂荔, 钱宇, 马姗. 叶栅吸力面吸气位置与角区分离的关联性分析[J]. 现代防御技术, 2023, 51(2): 23-32.

Fengming LI, Li GUI, Yu QIAN, Shan MA. Correlation Analysis of Suction Position and Corner Separation of Cascade Suction Surface[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2023, 51(2): 23-32.

图/表 16

表1 压气机叶栅的几何参数及气动参数

Table 1 Geometric and aerodynamic parameters of compressor cascade［8］

参数	值
来流马赫数（Ma）	0.67
进口气流角（β₁）/（°）	132
出口气流角（β₂）/（°）	90
安装角（γ）/（°）	112.5
叶片弦长（C）/mm	40
全叶高（h）/mm	40
栅距（t）/mm	22

图1 叶栅的二维几何示意图［13］

Fig. 1 Two-dimensional geometry of cascade［13］

图2 带吸气槽的三维叶栅示意图

Fig. 2 Three-dimensional cascade with suction slot

图3 吸气槽二维俯视图

Fig. 3 Two-dimensional top view of suction slot

图4 计算域及网格

Fig. 4 Computing domain and grid

图5 测量截面处总压损失系数及马赫数随网格数的变化

Fig. 5 Variations of total pressure loss coefficient and Mach number on the measuring section with grid number

图6 数值仿真结果与实验对比

Fig. 6 Comparison between numerical simulation and experiment results

图7 吸气方案

Fig. 7 Suction scheme

图8 设计工况下三维角区分离

Fig. 8 Three-dimensional corner separation in design conditions

表2 关联角区分离点后的吸气槽轴向位置

Table 2 Axial position of suction slot behind associated corner separation point

吸气槽	SS₁	SS₂	SS₃	SS₄	SS₅	SS₆	SS₇
相对于Z_CS 的轴向位置	-0.56	-0.33	-0.11	0.11	0.33	0.56	0.78

图9 总压损失系数与吸气槽的位置关系（0°迎角）

Fig. 9 Relationship between total pressure loss coefficient and suction slot position （at an angle of incidence of 0°）

图10 典型吸气槽轴向位置对叶栅性能的影响

Fig. 10 Effect of axial position of typical suction slot on cascade performance

图11 2°迎角下三维角区分离

Fig. 11 Three-dimensional corner separation at an angle of incidence of 2°

图12 总压损失系数与吸气槽位置关系（2°迎角）

Fig. 12 Relationship between total pressure loss coefficient and suction slot position （at an angle of incidence of 2°）

图13 不同工况下吸气槽SS5的影响

Fig. 13 Effect of suction slot SS5 in different conditions

图14 典型工况下吸气槽SS5对叶栅流场的影响

Fig. 14 Effect of suction slot SS5 on cascade flow field in typical conditions

参考文献 14

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