用于VLF/VHF频段的大功率合成器分析与设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2026.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对复杂电磁环境中低频超宽带功率信号合成困难的问题，分析了传输线变压器在宽带大功率合成应用时，发生宽带谐振的原因，指出了改善低频响应、抑制带内谐振、提升功率容量的方法，完善了传输线变压器模型的宽带性能特征，并采用奇偶模分析法研制了一种覆盖9 kHz~100 MHz，损耗小于0.6 dB，功率容量大于5 kW的合成器。此模型和设计方法可以指导VLF/VHF频段的宽带大功率合成器设计，对低频超宽带大功率功放的研制、高磁导率低损耗磁材料的研究具有积极的促进作用。

关键词: 传输线变压器, 铁氧体, 宽带合成器, 奇偶模分析法, 巴伦, 寄生参数

Abstract:

To address the difficulty in combining low-frequency ultra-wideband power signals in a complex electromagnetic environment， this paper analyzed the causes of broadband resonance in the transmission line transformer during the application of broadband high-power combining and pointed out methods to improve low-frequency response， suppress in-band resonance， and enhance power capacity； it improved the broadband performance characteristics of the transmission line transformer model and developed a combiner covering 9 kHz~100 MHz with a loss of less than 0.6 dB and a power capacity of greater than 5 kW using the even-odd mode analysis method. This model and design method can guide the design of broadband high-power combiners in the VLF/VHF band and has a positive promoting effect on the development of low-frequency ultra-wideband high-power amplifiers and the research on high-permeability and low-loss magnetic materials.

Key words: transmission line transformer, ferrite, broadband combiner, even-odd mode analysis method, BALUN, parasitic parameter

中图分类号:

TN722.75

李义, 唐启超, 张映昊, 王霞. 用于VLF/VHF频段的大功率合成器分析与设计[J]. 现代防御技术, 2026, 54(4): 95-102.

Yi LI, Qichao TANG, Yinghao ZHANG, Xia WANG. Analysis and Design of High-Power Combiner in VLF/VHF Band[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2026, 54(4): 95-102.

图/表 8

图1 TLT构成的巴伦及其理想与实际传输特性对比曲线

Fig. 1 Balun composed of TLT and comparison curves of its ideal and actual transmission characteristics

图2 线圈绕组寄生电容示意图

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of parasitic capacitance in coil winding

图3 同轴BALUN寄生参数等效电路图

Fig. 3 Equivalent circuit diagram of parasitic parameters of coaxial BALUN

图4 四路合成器原理图

Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of four-way combiner

图5 偶模激励下的合成器简化图

Fig. 5 Simplified diagram of combiner under even-mode excitation

图6 偶模激励下的合成器简化图

Fig. 6 Simplified diagram of combiner under even-mode excitation

表 1 合成器所用TLT模型参数

Table 1 Parameters of TLT model used in combiner

类别	名称	数值
TLT实际物理参数	长度/mm	1 500
	特征阻抗/Ω	50
	外径/mm	11.9
	内径/mm	3.3
	匝数	4
	磁导率	15 000
寄生参数	寄生电容/pF	1.1
寄生参数	自身电感/μH	2 740

图7 VLF/VHF频段合成器仿真与实测对比

Fig. 7 Comparison between simulation and measurement of combiner in VLF/VHF band

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