Modern Defense Technology ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 57-65.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2025.03.007

• AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Aeroelastic Simulation of Tiltrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Hover

Zonghui WANG1,2, Hongrui ZHAO1, Yunjun YANG1, Yanwei WANG1,2   

  1. 1.China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China
    2.CH UAV Technology Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100074,China
  • Received:2024-02-29 Revised:2024-05-14 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2025-07-01

倾转旋翼无人机悬停状态气动弹性数值模拟

王宗辉1,2, 赵弘睿1, 杨云军1, 汪艳伟1,2   

  1. 1.中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京 100074
    2.彩虹无人机科技有限公司,北京 100074
  • 作者简介:王宗辉(1995-),男,山东日照人。工程师,博士,研究方向为无人机总体气动布局设计。

Abstract:

The tiltrotor UAV has both hovering and vertical takeoff and landing capabilities in the air, as well as high speed cruise performance. Aiming at the problem that the rigid aerodynamic shape of a tiltrotor UAV cannot accurately simulate the real flight performance due to the structural deformation of the elastic material, a CFD/CSD coupling method combining rotor bi-directional loose coupling and wing unidirectional coupling is proposed to numerically simulate the aeroelastic problem of tiltrotor UAV in hover state. Using aeroelastic tailoring to optimize the composite layer of the blade, the maximum deformation displacement of the blade is reduced from 22.34 mm to 17.1 mm, and the hovering efficiency is improved from 69.95% to 72.69%. Computational simulations are conducted on the entire aircraft flow field, and the results show that after considering structural elastic deformation, the increase in thrust generated by the entire aircraft rotor system compared to the individual rotor system decreases from 2.09% to 1.18%. The high-pressure zone generated by the rotor downwash on the deformed wing surface shifts approximately 0.1m towards the wing tip direction compared to the undeformed wing.

Key words: tiltrotor UAV, aeroelasticity, aeroelastic tailoring, hover efficiency, aerodynamic interference, CFD/CSD coupling method

摘要:

倾转旋翼无人机既具有空中悬停、垂直起降能力,又具备高速巡航飞行性能。针对弹性材料结构变形导致倾转旋翼无人机刚体气动外形无法准确模拟真实飞行性能的问题,提出一种旋翼双向松耦合与机翼单向耦合相结合的CFD/CSD耦合方法,对倾转旋翼无人机悬停状态气动弹性问题进行数值模拟。采用气动弹性剪裁技术对桨叶进行复合材料铺层优化,桨叶的最大变形位移从22.34 mm减小到17.1 mm,悬停效率从69.95%改善到72.69%。对全机流场进行计算模拟,计算结果表明,考虑结构弹性变形以后,全机旋翼系统产生的拉力相较于单独旋翼系统增加量由2.09%降低为1.18%,变形机翼表面因为旋翼下洗流产生的高压区相较于未变形机翼朝翼梢方向偏移大约0.1 m。

关键词: 倾转旋翼无人机, 气动弹性, 气动弹性剪裁, 悬停效率, 气动干扰, CFD/CSD耦合

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