The space-based maritime reconnaissance and surveillance system is an important source of information for far-sea operations,coastal defenses,precision attacks and other maritime operations,and it is an important force to support and win modern naval warfare.On the basis of describing the composition and function of space-based maritime reconnaissance and surveillance system,the operational process of the system is given based on observe-orient-decide-act (OODA) operation theory.At the operational application level,from the operational viewpoint,based on department of defense architecture framework (DoDAF),the modeling steps of the operational architecture of space-based maritime reconnaissance and surveillance system are given,and the relevant models are established.The research results can provide reference for operational application research and top-level design of space-based maritime reconnaissance and surveillance system.