The development of precision airdrop systems has fundamentally transformed military supply by optimizing the timing， location， and quantity of supplies. This advancement has significantly enhanced the deployment and support capacities of troops at both the strategic and tactical levels. By analyzing different types of precision airdrop systems， the research status and key technologies of these systems， both domestically and internationally， are summarized. In addition， the emerging research trends in the key technologies that impact the supply capabilities of precision airdrop systems are discussed.