现代防御技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 137-142.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2026.05.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种雷达低仰角目标俯仰角估计方法及其精度分析

靳浩, 田壮壮, 陈帅, 沈义龙   

  1. 中国人民解放军63891部队,河南 洛阳 471003
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 修回日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2026-10-28 发布日期:2026-11-03
  • 作者简介:靳浩(1987-),男,河南永城人。工程师,硕士,研究方向为雷达及雷达对抗、反辐射武器攻防技术。

An Elevation Angle Estimation Method for Radar Targets at Low Elevation Angle and Its Precision Analysis

Hao JIN, Zhuangzhuang TIAN, Shuai CHEN, Yilong SHEN   

  1. PLA 63891 Troops,Luoyang 471003,China
  • Received:2025-08-26 Revised:2025-09-30 Online:2026-10-28 Published:2026-11-03

摘要:

雷达作为现代战争的千里眼,其探测精度的高低对雷达作战效能发挥的影响至关重要。当前新体制雷达已经能够实现对目标的三维高精度测量和跟踪,但由于受地面/海面多径等因素的影响,特别是低频段雷达,对于低仰角目标的俯仰角测量精度较差。部分雷达通过设计超宽带信号、频率捷变信号、波束空间等提高对低俯仰角目标的测角精度,增加了硬件成本,提高了算法复杂度,且无法完全避免地面或海面的多径影响。提出了一种雷达低仰角目标俯仰角估计方法,并对其估计精度进行了分析;该方法无需特殊波形和参数设计,直接利用目标距离等信息对俯仰角进行估计,具有较高的估计精度,易于实现;针对该方法进行了仿真试验,验证了该方法的有效性、可行性和估计精度变化规律;总结了该方法的适用场景。

关键词: 雷达, 低仰角, 俯仰角, 估计, 精度, 距离

Abstract:

Radar, serving for remote viewing in modern warfare, critically determines the combat effectiveness of radar systems through its detection precision. Current new system radar is capable of achieving three-dimensional high-precision measurement and tracking of targets. However, due to factors such as the multipath effects of the ground or sea surface, especially for low-frequency-band radars, the elevation angle measurement precision for targets at a low elevation angle remains significantly compromised. Some radars improve the elevation angle measurement precision for targets at a low elevation angle by designing ultra-wideband signals, frequency agility signals, and beamspace, which increases hardware costs, raises algorithm complexity, and still cannot completely avoid the multipath effects of the ground or sea surface. This paper first proposes an elevation angle estimation method for radar targets at a low elevation angle and analyzes its estimation precision. Without special waveforms or parameter design, the method estimates the elevation angle directly with information such as target distance, delivering high estimation precision and easy implementation. Subsequently, simulation experiments are conducted on the method, verifying its effectiveness, feasibility, and variation patterns of estimation precision. Finally, the applicable scenarios of the method are summarized.

Key words: radar, low elevation angle, elevation angle, estimation, precision, distance

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