Abstract:

Aiming at the reliability challenges of mid-to-low-end UAV servos in strong electromagnetic pulse （EMP） environments， traditional static protection models employing simple technical superposition have limitations in adapting to dynamic strong electromagnetic environments. To overcome this limitation， this study innovatively proposes a “dynamic weight allocation—auxiliary fault-tolerant” collaborative protection architecture by introducing time-varying weight coefficient to achieve dynamic perception of EMP and adjust filtering and reconstruction strategies. First， considering that manufacturing defects and structural gaps in the material shielding layer can lead to attenuation of shielding effectiveness （SE）， the model of the silver/copper nanowire gradient coating was correspondingly revised based on experimental data inversion. Subsequently， an adaptive notch filtering algorithm based on dynamic filtering technology was employed to further suppress residual noise. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multimodal coupling method of material shielding， dynamic filtering， and dynamic reconstruction significantly enhances the electromagnetic interference protection of UAV servos， increasing the anti-interference performance from 31.5 dB with single shielding effectiveness to 93 dB.

Key words: electromagnetic pulse （EMP）, silver-copper nanowires, dynamic filtering, dynamic reconstruction, shielding effectiveness（SE）, multi-modal coordination

摘要：

针对中低端无人机舵机在强电磁脉冲（electromagnetic pulse, EMP）环境下的可靠性难题，传统静态防护模型采用简单的技术叠加，存在无法适应动态强电磁环境变化的局限性。为克服这一局限，通过引入时变权重系数实现对EMP动态感知，调整滤波和重构策略，提出了一种“动态权重分配-辅助容错”协同防护架构。针对材料屏蔽层因制造缺陷、结构缝隙等导致的屏蔽效能（shielding effectiveness, SE）衰减，通过实验数据反演对银-铜纳米线梯度涂层模型进行修正。采用基于动态滤波技术的自适应带阻算法进一步抑制残余干扰。仿真和实验结果表明，所提材料屏蔽-动态滤波-动态重构多模态耦合方法，显著提升了无人机舵机的电磁干扰防护能力，抗干扰性能从单一屏蔽效能31.5 dB提升至93 dB。

关键词: 电磁脉冲, 银-铜纳米线, 动态滤波, 动态重构, 屏蔽效能, 多模态协同