Abstract:

The U.S. space-based early warning satellite system is an important part of the missile defense system， and the research on its development status and capabilities is of great significance. In order to support China’s fundamental research and engineering development on space-based optical early warning，the research progress and achievements of the US "next generation overhead persistent infrared" （OPIR） early warning satellite are reviewed based on the analysis of the development history， system composition and main issues of the two generations of space-based early warning satellites of the US defense support program （DSP） and space-based infrared system （SBIRS）. The research status of constellation planning， sensor payloads development， ground data processing system， OPIR data standardization is summarized in detail. It is suggested that the research should focus on building the target infrared image data set， developing wide-field of view （WFOV） data processing algorithms， developing search and tracking integrated large area array payload technology， strengthening satellite near-field perception and defense.

Key words: early warning satellite, space-based infrared system, overhead persistent infrared, sensor payloads, ground system, data standard

摘要：

美国天基预警卫星系统是导弹防御系统的重要组成部分,对其发展现状和能力的研究具有重要意义。为了支撑我国天基光学预警相关领域的基础研究和工程研制，在分析了美国国防支援计划（defense support program，DSP）和天基红外系统（space-based infrared system，SBIRS） 2代天基预警卫星的发展历程、系统构成以及主要问题的基础上，综述了美国“下一代过顶持续红外”（overhead persistent infrared，OPIR）预警卫星的若干研究进展和成果，详细总结了其在星座规划、传感器有效载荷研制、地面数据处理系统以及数据标准规范4个方面的研究现状，并建议从构建目标红外图像数据集、研制宽视场任务数据处理算法、发展搜索跟踪一体化大面阵载荷技术、加强卫星近场感知防御等方面给予重点研究。

关键词: 预警卫星, 天基红外系统, 过顶持续红外, 传感器有效载荷, 地面系统, 数据标准