Modern Defense Technology

Research on the Structure Adaptability of Early Warning Intelligence System-of-Systems Based on Complex Network

Bing XIAO, Feng-zeng LIU, Yi-shuai QIN

2022, 50(2): 1-10. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.001

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In order to improve the sustained support ability of early warning intelligence system-of-systems （EWISoS） in the process of combat， the structural adaptability of EWISoS under confrontation is studied based on complex network theory. The composition units， internal and external interaction relations and hierarchical structure of EWISoS are analyzed around the early warning intelligence process， and a dual domain network model including information domain super network model and physical domain communication network model is constructed. The index to measure the adaptability of network structure is proposed， the architecture countermeasure simulation framework is designed， and the repair method of network structure is given. Simulation of the network model and framework is performed. Through simulation experiment analysis， the influence laws of inter domain dependency and repair methods on the structure adaptability of EWISoS are found. The experimental results can provide scientific guidance for the continuous and efficient operation of EWISoS， and the modeling method and simulation framework can provide reference for the research of complex systems in military field.

Research Progress of the US "Next Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared" (OPIR) Early Warning Satellite

Jiu-long WANG, Xiao-yi WANG, Hai-fei HU, Sheng CAI

2022, 50(2): 18-25. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.003

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The U.S. space-based early warning satellite system is an important part of the missile defense system， and the research on its development status and capabilities is of great significance. In order to support China’s fundamental research and engineering development on space-based optical early warning，the research progress and achievements of the US "next generation overhead persistent infrared" （OPIR） early warning satellite are reviewed based on the analysis of the development history， system composition and main issues of the two generations of space-based early warning satellites of the US defense support program （DSP） and space-based infrared system （SBIRS）. The research status of constellation planning， sensor payloads development， ground data processing system， OPIR data standardization is summarized in detail. It is suggested that the research should focus on building the target infrared image data set， developing wide-field of view （WFOV） data processing algorithms， developing search and tracking integrated large area array payload technology， strengthening satellite near-field perception and defense.

Research on the Development of Foreign Hypersonic Offensive and Defensive Weapons

Guan WANG, Tong YIN, Ying CAO

2022, 50(2): 26-32. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.004

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In recent years， with the rapid development of hypersonic technology， all countries actively promote the research of hypersonic missile weapon system. While speeding up the development of offensive hypersonic missile weapons， they also step up the research of near space hypersonic missile defensive technology. The development layout of hypersonic offensive weapons and the general situation of hypersonic defense system abroad are analyzed in depth， and the application of hypersonic weapons in offensive and defensive operations is summarized. The challenges to national security are analyzed. We hope to promote the development of hypersonic offensive weapons and defense technology.

Research on a Defense System Survivability Measurement Method

Yong-jian ZHANG, Peng KANG, Zhi-min ZHUO, Da-guo ZHENG

2022, 50(2): 33-38. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.005

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The survivability of defense system refers to the ability of the system to maintain or restore its defense performance to an acceptable level when the system is facing enemy attack damage or its own node failure. In order to measure and characterize the survivability of defense systems with different architectures， based on the combat confrontation scenario and from the ability of the system to build strike links， a new method of survivability measurement of defense systems is proposed. This method can be used to quantitatively characterize the survivability of traditional defense system and distributed defense system， and provide support for further distributed defense research and high survivability architecture design of defense system.

Simulation Study on Optimization Method of Design Parameters for Transwave Stealth Wing Skin

Tian-li YU, Wen-feng DONG, Wen-jian LIU, Ya FAN

2022, 50(2): 45-52. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.007

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In order to obtain good aerodynamic and stealth performance at the same time， based on the principle of combining shape stealth technology with material stealth technology， a design scheme of wing skin based on wave transmission is proposed. In order to balance the relationship between the lift force and the electromagnetic stealth performance of the wave transmitting wing， a surrogate model based strategy is adopted to optimize the geometric parameters of the wave transmitting wing. The results show that after optimization， the transonic wing can maintain good RCS （radar cross section） reduction characteristics in frequency domain and spatial domain and have enough lift conditions. The proposed proxy model has high accuracy， and can be used as an effective means to balance interdisciplinary problems in engineering.

Arithmetic on Guidance and Control for Hyper Velocity Kinetic Energy Missile Based on Sliding-Mode Variable Structure Control

Si-yang JIAO, Tao PAN, Zhe KONG, Bao-Ning LIU

2022, 50(2): 53-60. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.008

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A guidance and control arithmetic of hyper velocity kinetic energy missile is designed based on sliding-mode variable structure control. The relevant parameters in the algorithm are designed and adjusted by combining the characteristics of the hyper-velocity kinetic energy missile and the operational mission requirements. The algorithm is used to suppress the chattering problem inherent in the control of sliding mode variable structure, and the modeling simulation confirms the correctness and feasibility of the algorithm. According to the analysis of the simulation results, the hyper-velocity kinetic energy missile can hit its target because of the guidance and control arithmetic, and the processed chattering of sliding mode control can be suppressed.

Research on the Architecture Design of Equipment Network Security Range

Bin SHEN, Zhong-hua LIU, Hao-pu YANG, Chao WU

2022, 50(2): 61-66. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.009

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Following the construction experience of the USA cyber range，this paper describes the target and the capacity of the range architecture on the basis of analyzing the current domestic situation on internal cyber range. Five key technologies involving the construction of the range are analyzed. The compositions and functions are designed on principles of unified planning，advanced technology，versatility and extensibility. According to the actual demand and resource status，the technologies of cloud and virtualization are adopted to design for the equipment network security range hierarchically. The interfaces of simulated and real equipment are reserved for the demand of all kinds of tests.

A Phase Coherent Accumulation Algorithm of Moving Target Based on Time Reversal Transformation

Hai-han LIU, LU¨ Wei-xiang

2022, 50(2): 67-75. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.010

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The coherent accumulation of echo signals of high-speed moving targets has always been a research hotspot for domestic and foreign scholars. Aiming at the problem that the time reversing transform， the second-order Keystone transform and LV’s distribution （TRT-SKT-LVD） algorithm loses velocity information in the process of accumulation， a time reversing transform， the first-order Keystone transform and Radon transform （TRT-KTR） algorithm is proposed to achieve velocity separation and phase-coherent accumulation of moving targets. The velocity information of the target is separated by time reversal and the impact of the abrupt point caused by noise is eliminated by low pass filter and linear smoothing method. The first order Keystone transform is used to correct the range migration caused by the target velocity. The Radon transform is used to estimate the fuzzy number of velocity and compensate to realize phase-coherent accumulation. Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively separate and accumulate the velocity components of the target， and has a low computational cost. Combined with TRT-SKT-LVD， the joint algorithm can accumulate 3D information of target distance， speed and acceleration， and realize multi-target detection.

Research on Planning and Verification Method for Trans-Field Support Resources

Yu-wen GUO, Shi-meng WEI

2022, 50(2): 76-83. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.011

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As the focus point of military and army for aviation weapons and equipment has gradually shifted from single index verification to comprehensive capability assessment， the ability of trans-field has been paid more attention. With the trans-field requirements as the traction,， the modeling and inter-model interaction research are completed from four dimensions of task input， reliability level， usage and maintenance activities， and support resources. The calculation method for the frequency of usage and maintenance activities is also given to further develope the planning and verification methods of trans-field resources. The model is verified by using flight test data. It provides method support for the troops to carry out trans-field support resources planning， and also lays a technical foundation for the design and implementation of the subsequent support resource simulation system.

Evaluation of Test Equipment Maintenance Ability Based on GA-Wavelet-BP Neural Network

Li-xing ZHAO, Xing-ming HOU, Zhao-wen XU, Lin-zi HE

2022, 50(2): 84-95. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.012

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Aiming at the characteristics of strong subjectivity and weak adaptability of traditional test equipment maintenance support capability evaluation, a maintenance capability evaluation method based on error back propagation （BP） feedforward neural network is proposed based on test equipment maintenance records as sample data. In order to eliminate the attribute redundancy of the maintenance records， the rough set principal component reduction algorithm is selected to reduce the sample attributes. In order to avoid the influence of the local convergence and the slow convergence speed of the BP neural network due to the local extremes,the initial weights and thresholds of neural network are optimized by using the global search ability of genetic algorithm (GA). In order to increase the learning function of the network and improve the network training rate and training accuracy， the wavelet function is selected as the transfer function of the hidden layer， and the Sigmoid function is the activation function of the output layer. It is shown that the performance of the BP neural network is improved through redundant attribute reduction， and the weight/threshold value of the BP neural network and the wavelet function are optimized by GA as the transfer function of the hidden layer， which avoids local convergence and improves the training rate of the network. The accuracy of the evaluation reduces the error.

Diagnostic Strategy Construction Method Combining One-Step and Multi-Step Optimization

Xiao-shuai DU, Bing HU, Duan-yang SHI, Xin-yu ZHANG

2022, 50(2): 96-103. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.013

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In order to avoid the backtracking operation of AO* algorithm and Rollout algorithm， and to overcome the problem of poor optimality of information entropy algorithm， and achieve the purpose of fault detection and isolation of equipment with low test cost， a diagnostic strategy construction method combining one-step and multi-step optimization is proposed. Based on the similarity between diagnostic strategy construction and noiseless coding， a one-step or multi-step optimal search method is selected according to the probability distribution of the fault state fuzzy set. When the fault with the highest probability in the fuzzy set of fault states meets certain conditions， it is prioritized for isolation and the corresponding test sequence is generated so that the fault with higher priori probability has less test steps and costs, so as to reduce the overall cost of diagnosis. Through the analysis and verification of examples， the concrete process of constructing the diagnostic strategy is given， and the effectiveness of the method is proved.

Control of the Dual-Motor Synchronous Anti-Backlash Servo System with Robust Terminal Sliding Mode Control

Fang-jun LI, Sheng-jie WANG

2022, 50(2): 104-112. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.014

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Aiming at the common current loop， speed loop and position loop control structure of dual-motor synchronous anti-backlash servo system， a simplified control strategy with stronger robustness and faster response speed is proposed. The positon controller of the servo system is designed based on the backstepping theory and the torque reference command is directly calculated and transmitted to the current loop from the reference position command after command-filter processing, which simplifies the control structure. The integral nonsingular terminal sliding surface is introduced in the backstepping controller design process which overcomes the chattering problem of the linear sliding mode control and makes the system reach the equilibrium state in finite time. The extended state observer （ESO） is adopted to compensate the external disturbance which makes the servo system more robust to the changes of the internal structure parameters and external disturbance torque. The co-simulation experiment is carried out in Matlab/Simulink and Adams and the results show that the proposed new dual-motor synchronous anti-backlash method has better tracking performance than tradition scheme and better anti-disturbance ability than the ordinary disturbance compensation method.

SAR Imaging Simulation of Ship Target in Multi-Imaging Mode

Yin ZHANG, Jun-jie FAN, Jun-hua YAN, Qi-qi ZHANG, Chong-xiang XIA

2022, 50(2): 113-120. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2022.02.015

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Aiming at the SAR （synthetic aperture radar） imaging simulation application of ship targets in typical working modes， the electromagnetic signal emission and echo transmission models in strip mode， spotlight mode， and scan mode are established. Based on the panel method， the three-dimensional model of the ship target is divided into multiple triangular panels. The Shooting and Bouncing Ray algorithm is used to calculate the primary scattering and multiple scattering of each panel of the ship target， and the SAR echo signal is simulated. The range-Doppler imaging algorithm is used to eliminate echo aliasing and obtain SAR simulation image. Simulation experiments of multiple imaging modes and multiple imaging angles are performed on the ship target， and the simulated images are compared with the actual image of Sentinel-1A. The simulation results show that the proposed method can simulate more realistic SAR images of ship targets.

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