Research on Jamming Mechanism of Instantaneous Frequency Measurement

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.03.016

Abstract

Abstract:

IFM （instantaneous frequency measurement） system is an important reconnaissance resource in electronic reconnaissance. It can quickly determine the frequency of the signal to be measured， has good real-time performance， wide frequency range and high frequency resolution， and can also indicate the signals of simultaneous arrival in the case of multiple signals. It's very widely used. Based on the characteristic that IFM microwave phase discriminator can only respond to one signal at a certain instant， combining with the working principle of IFM， a new （more than 2 signals） interference strategy to IFM is investigated and the interference mechanism is analyzed， and the interference effect of IFM is evaluated through analog simulation. The simulation results show that the overlapping of multiple signals can produce obvious jamming effect on the IFM system， which can make it unable to measure the correct frequency， and the wrong output reaches the signal indication at the same time.

Key words: instantaneous frequency measurement（IFM）, simultaneous arrival signal, phase coding, jamming mechanism, anti-electronic reconnaissance

摘要：

瞬时测频（instantaneous frequency measurement，IFM）接收机是电子侦察中非常重要的测频资源，其结构简单、灵敏度高、侦察频带宽、分辨率高，可以快速测定被测信号的频率，在现代电子战中得到广泛应用。基于IFM微波鉴相器在某一瞬间只能响应一个信号的特性，结合IFM工作原理，研究了一种新的（超过２个信号）对IFM干扰策略，并分析了干扰机理，通过模拟仿真对IFM的干扰效果进行了评估。仿真结果表明：多信号交叠可以对IFM系统产生明显的干扰效果，可以使得其无法测得正确频率，并错误地输出同时到达信号指示。

关键词: 瞬时测频, 同时到达信号, 相位编码, 干扰机理, 反电子侦察

CLC Number:

TN973

Lei WANG, Honglei WANG, Hongxun WANG, Xinmiao LIN, Zixiang XIONG. Research on Jamming Mechanism of Instantaneous Frequency Measurement[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2024, 52(3): 128-136.

王磊, 王洪雷, 王洪迅, 林鑫淼, 熊梓翔. 对瞬时测频干扰机理的研究[J]. 现代防御技术, 2024, 52(3): 128-136.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig. 1 Structure of microwave phase detector

Fig. 2 IFM parallel structure

Fig. 3 3bit coding standard

Table1 Defuzzification coding method for four-channel phase detector

通道	二进制编码	解模糊后二进制编码
I	$a 0 a 1 a 2 x x x x x x x x x$	$a 0 a 1 a 2 b 0 b 1 b 2 c 0 c 1 c 2 d 0 d 1 d 2$
II	$x x x b 0 b 1 b 2 x x x x x x$
III	$x x x x x x c 0 c 1 c 2 x x x$
IV	$x x x x x x x x x d 0 d 1 d 2$

Table1 Defuzzification coding method for four-channel phase detector

通道	二进制编码	解模糊后二进制编码
I	$a 0 a 1 a 2 x x x x x x x x x$	$a 0 a 1 a 2 b 0 b 1 b 2 c 0 c 1 c 2 d 0 d 1 d 2$
II	$x x x b 0 b 1 b 2 x x x x x x$
III	$x x x x x x c 0 c 1 c 2 x x x$
IV	$x x x x x x x x x d 0 d 1 d 2$

Fig. 4 Simultaneously arrive signal detection logic circuit

Table 2 Related parameters of radar and jamming signals

	幅度（P.A.）	频率/ MHz	脉宽/ μs	周期/ μs	延迟/ μs
雷达	1	4 100	2	10	随机
干扰1	1.4	2 800	4	10	0
干扰2	1.8	3 900	6	10	0
干扰3	1.6	4 300	6	10	4
干扰4	1.2	4 800	4	10	6

Fig. 5 Pulse signal

Fig. 6 Amplitude of each signal

Fig. 7 Simultaneous arrival indication in single signal scenario

Fig. 8 Simultaneous arrival indication in Multi -signals scenario

Fig. 9 UI（t） and UQ（t） output values of each channel of radar signal

Fig. 10 UI（t） and UQ（t） output values of each channel of five overlapping signals

Fig. 11 Frequency output value of radar signal

Fig. 12 Each jamming signal frequency output value

Fig. 13 Frequency output value

Fig. 14 Difference between the radar signal frequency and the frequency after jamming is added

References 13

1	王星. 航空电子对抗原理［M］. 北京：国防工业出版社， 2008： 109-111.
	WANG Xing. Principles of Aircraft Electronic Counter-Measure［M］. Beijing： National Defense Industry Press， 2008： 109-111.
2	SARKAR M， KUMAR V， SIVAKUMAR R， et al. Some Investigations on Direct Substrate-Attachment Process for Wideband Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Receiver Development［J］. IEEE Transactions on Components， Packaging and Manufacturing Technology， 2020， 10（4）： 704-716.
3	ZOU Xiuting， XU Shaofu， LI Shujing， et al. Optimization of the Brillouin Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Using Convolutional Neural Networks［J］. Optics Letters， 2019， 44（23）： 5723-5726.
4	朱大红. 影响IFM接收机测频精度因素的分析［J］. 现代雷达， 2008， 30（7）： 91-93， 98.
	ZHU Dahong. Analysis on Factors Affecting Frequency Measurement Precision for IFM Receiver［J］. Modern Radar， 2008， 30（7）： 91-93， 98.
5	胡来招. 瞬时测频［M］. 北京：国防工业出版社， 2002.
	HU Laizhao. Instantaneous Frequency Measurement［M］. Beijing： National Defense Industry Press， 2002.
6	Aviation. Ruselectronics Starts Delivery of New Aircraft Reconnaissance Systems［J］. Interfax： Russia & CIS Defense Industry Weekly， 2021.
7	ADAM R. Single Parallel Stubs as Broadband Microwave Phase Shifters［J］. Metrology and Measurement Systems， 2020， 27（1）： 91-102.
8	WANG Chuangye， NING Tigang， LI Jing， et al. Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Using Two Parallel I/Q Modulators Based on Optical Power Monitoring［J］. Chinese Physics B， 2022， 31（1）： 010702.
9	ZHANG Feng， HE Peng， LIANG Anhui. A Simple and Efficient Design of Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Encoder with Phase Comparison Method［C］∥Proceedings of the 2017 2nd Joint International Information Technology， Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Conference. Dordrecht， The Netherlands： Atlantis Press， 2017： 189-192.
10	王洪迅，王红卫，王星，等. 机载RWR/ESM信号感知通道中脉冲交叠分析［J］. 电讯技术， 2013， 53（9）： 1142-1147.
	WANG Hongxun， WANG Hongwei， WANG Xing， et al. Analysis on Pulses Overlapping of RWR/ESM's Signal Sensor Channels［J］. Telecommunication Engineering， 2013， 53（9）： 1142-1147.
11	王士岩，王连河，王建，等. 机载电子对抗系统中交叠信号的瞬时测频分析［C］∥2019航空装备服务保障与维修技术论坛暨中国航空工业技术装备工程协会年会论文集. 中国江西南昌：中国航空工业集团有限公司防务生产与保障部、中国航空工业技术装备工程协会， 2019： 455-457， 469.
	WANG Shiyan， WANG Lianhe， WANG Jian， et al. Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Analysis of Overlapped Signals in Airborne Electronic Countermeasure System［C］∥2019 Aviation Equipment Service Support and Maintenance Technology Forum and Annual Conference of China Aviation Industry Technology and Equipment Engineering Association. Nanchang， Jiangxi， China： Defense Production and Support Department of Aviation Industry Corporation of China Limited， China Aviation Industry Technical Equipment Engineering Association， 2019： 455-457， 469.
12	王洪迅，王连河，王建，等. IFM系统的双交叠信号分析及改进［J］. 现代防御技术， 2021， 49（2）： 64-71.
	WANG Hongxun， WANG Lianhe， WANG Jian， et al. Analysis of Double Overlapping Signals and Improvement of IFM System［J］. Modern Defence Technology， 2021， 49（2）： 64-71.
13	张志聪，陈华俊. 瞬时测频接收机中基于IQ模值的噪声识别［J］. 电子信息对抗技术， 2021， 36（4）： 105-108.
	ZHANG Zhicong， CHEN Huajun. Noise Identification Based on IQ Value in Instantaneous Frequency Measure Receiver［J］. Electronic Information Warfare Technology， 2021， 36（4）： 105-108.

[1]	Xiaoyang WANG. Mechanism of Variable Polarization Jamming on Radar Side⁃lobe Cancellation [J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2024, 52(2): 145-150.
[2]	Lei WANG, Hongxun WANG, Xinmiao LIN, Honglei WANG, Kan CHEN, Tao MENG. Research on Jamming Mechanism of Interferometer [J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2023, 51(6): 123-132.
[3]	Zhenggong LIAO, yuan REN, Jingzhang BI. A Frequency-Phase Hybrid Coded Waveform Design for MIMO Radar [J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2023, 51(6): 112-122.
[4]	NAN Hao, PENG Shi-rui, WANG Xiao-yan, XU Zheng-qiang. Mechanism of High Repetition Frequency Jamming on Passive Seeker Fore-end [J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2018, 46(5): 82-87.