To address the difficulties and poor universality of traditional algorithms for accurate modeling of high maneuvering targets， this paper proposes an improved unscented Kalman filter （UKF） universal target tracking algorithm based on gated recurrent unit （GRU） prediction. The self-attention mechanism is introduced into the traditional GRU model， so that the model can better mine the kinematic equation of the target from the historical observation data and solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately model the maneuvering target manually. The learned model is applied to the UKF algorithm to achieve target tracking. Simulation experiments show that compared with traditional GRU models and classical algorithms such as UKF and interacting multiple model （IMM）， the proposed algorithm has better tracking accuracy and adaptability.

Aiming at the application of MIMO array radar in imaging fuze， the equivalent phase center error in near-field imaging of fuze is analyzed and the quadratic error compensation method based on Taylor expansion is given. Based on the premise of limited space on the missile， considering the influence of the coupling of the transmitting and receiving antennas， combined with the performance of the antenna beam pattern， the radius distribution interval of the transmitting and receiving array elements is given as the effective set. Based on the effective set， this paper proposes a sparse MIMO array optimization method based on two-step particle swarm optimization （TS-PSO）， and obtains the optimized two-dimensional sparse MIMO array. Based on the received echo signal， the equivalent phase center error and motion error are compensated to obtain the imaging results. The simulation results show that the two-dimensional sparse MIMO array based on TS-PSO can meet the requirements of resolution and imaging quality of fuze near-field imaging， which lays a theoretical foundation for the next practical application.

Camouflage & protection is one of the effective means for air-defense and anti-missile ground equipment against enemy air reconnaissance and precision strike.The development trend of camouflage & protection equipment of foreign ground weapons in recent years is traced. The new technology progress of foreign research institutions is also summarized， such as Sweden Saab Defense Group （SAAB）， Israel Fibrotex Technology Company （Fibrotex）， the United States i2K Defense Company （i2K defense）， Russia Rusbal Company， etc. Furthermore， the development trend of camouflage and disguise technology approaches of foreign ground equipment is analyzed， which could provide reference for the development of camouflage & protection technology of Chinese ground equipment， and is significantly benefit for improving the survivability and combat effectiveness of air-defense and anti-missile system in the environment of offense and defense confrontation.

In the soft hard collaborative combat mode of the air defense system， it is of great significance to reasonably and efficiently allocate targets for the coordinated interception of soft and hard killing equipment. This paper proposes a method for allocating targets for hard and soft killing weapon target assignment based on hybrid particle swarm optimization. The optimization indicators corresponding to the soft hard collaborative interception problem are analyzed. The comprehensive interception efficiency index of the target is integrated by using the shooting advantage of hard killing equipment and the interference advantage indicators such as suppression， frequency， and angle of soft killing equipment. The advantages of traditional particle swarm algorithm and genetic algorithm are combined， and an improved hybrid particle swarm algorithm is adopted. A coding structure suitable for simultaneous allocation of soft and hard equipment and a particle generation guidance operation that accelerates algorithm convergence are designed. The simulation results show that in the field fixed position air defense scenario， the hybrid particle swarm algorithm can quickly obtain the optimal target allocation scheme. Compared with traditional algorithms， the comprehensive interception efficiency of targets is significantly improved， and it has certain engineering application value in air defense command and control systems.

In order to solve the problems of Kalman filter dispersion and inability to accurately track the error changes in the vehicle combination navigation system， an improved adaptive filtering algorithm is designed. By analyzing the judging condition of filter divergence in principle， combining Sage-Husa filtering with multiple fading filtering algorithm， the fading factor is introduced in the filtering process. The filtering state and updating strategy are switched by the divergence condition， so that the state of filter returns to normal in time when divergence occurs. The improved algorithm is subjected to Jetlink inertial guidance/odometer combination navigation simulation tests and track of vehicle experiment. Simulation and experimental results are presented that the divergence of filter can be suppressed， and in the meanwhile， the adaptability and stability of the filter are enhanced to a certain extent.

For the imaging application based on the MIMO array in near-field condition， the sparse array design method is researched. Starting from the radar imaging model in near field， the mathematic model of the sparse MIMO array design method based on the back projection （BP） imaging method is deduced， the theoretical expression of the point spread function （PSF） is derived and the suppression performance of side lobe is analyzed. Two sparse array design methods are given for multiple targets imaging verification at the same time. It can be seen from the simulation results that the designed sparse MIMO array can meet the needs of near field imaging and provide a foundation for real application.

According to the high difficulty and risk in organizing the operational command training of carrier-based aircraft equipped with multiple arms， combined with the advantages of simulation training economy and safety， the carrier-based aircraft operational command training system is researched and designed，the overall frame structure of the carrier-based flight simulation training system is built， the technical principle is described，the function of each subsystem is introduced. The functions of "back to back" operational planning， multi-level force command and control， access to command information system， multi-dimensional situation display， confrontation effect evaluation and other auxiliary decision support are realized. Two application modes， "human-in-the-loop" and "human-out-of-the-loop"， are established， and the key technologies are analyzed， such as the use of injective extension technology to support the high-performance parallel simulation engine driver， the joint middleware technology based on interface programming and dynamic QoS， and the use of code reuse to achieve the integration of the engineering numerical model encapsulation.

Aiming at the problems of low observation efficiency and insufficient fuel in current space-based space observation tasks， this paper proposes a close orbit design method for space multi-target skimming observation based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and space multi-target observation model to achieve the close range skimming observation of specific multi-target under the condition of constant orbit. The space multi-target observation model is established by combining the distance calculation of two orbiting satellites with the conditions of sky light and earth shadow. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the number of six orbits of the observer to obtain the optimal orbit for the comprehensive closest distance observation of a specific multi-target. The periodic difference generated by the orbital height difference is used to offset the phase difference between the target and the position at the intersection in a way that consumes time to get the most fuel-efficient way， and the formula for the most fuel saving is obtained at the cost of time. Finally， the numerical method is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the orbit design method.