Modern Defense Technology

Discussion on Radar Equation

HOU Jian

2020, 48(6): 1-4. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.001

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With the rapid development of microelectronics,the application of solid-state active phased array antenna in radar becomes more and more popular.For the radar with solid-state active phased array antenna,the weighting loss must be considered while using radar equation for performance evaluation if weighting is used to reduce side lobe.The theoretical derivation of this problem is carried out and the formula to calculate the weighting loss is derivated.

Intelligent Autonomous Decision-Making and Control of Morphing Aircraft

WANG Qing, LIU Hua-hua

2020, 48(6): 5-11. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.002

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Morphing aircraft can actively change the shape to meet different flight performance requirements,thereby adapting to different flight environments and tasks,so it has extremely high development potential and application value.With the development of artificial intelligence,the future morphing aircraft presents a trend of “intelligence and autonomy”.The intelligent morphing flight technology is one of the technological development trends that is most likely to bring revolutionary changes to future aerospace vehicles.Firstly,combined with the development history of the morphing aircraft,the development trend of the morphing aircraft is analyzed,and it is pointed out that the intelligent morphing aircraft is the development direction of the future aircraft.Secondly,the key issues that need to be solved in the intelligent deformation decision-making process of the morphing aircraft are analyzed.Taking the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm in the artificial intelligence algorithm as an example,an intelligent,autonomous,and highly adaptable deformation decision-making design plan is proposed.Finally,the current difficulties and hot issues in the control design of the morphing aircraft are analyzed,focusing on the design of highly adaptable and highly autonomous control schemes under the strong coupling and strong uncertainty of the morphing aircraft.A solution for the intelligent autonomous control of the corresponding morphing aircraft is proposed.

Effectiveness Evaluation Method for Battle Chain of OODA Loop Based on F-GERT Network

ZHANG Ming-zhi, XIA Lu

2020, 48(6): 12-18. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.003

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Research on battle chain of observe,orient,decide,act (OODA) loop,with the graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT) network technology and triangular fuzzy number theory,the fuzzy evaluation matrix of battle chain activity parameters of OODA loop is established,and the F-GERT network model and the effectiveness evaluation model of battle chain of OODA loop are constructed.The effectiveness evaluation analysis process is also designed.Finally,taking a battle chain of OODA loop in air defense operation for example,the effectiveness evaluation method is verified,which provides theoretical support for evaluating the battle chain of OODA loop.

Study on the Operational Effectiveness Evaluation of the Ship Formation Air Defense System Based on OODA

WANG Hao

2020, 48(6): 19-25. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.004

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On the analysis of the typical combating scenario for the cooperative air defense and anti-missile system of ship formation,research the operational process of the system based on the (observe,orient,decide,act) OODA theory.Then,the combat mission section and function demands are given.The operational effectiveness evaluation index system of cooperative air defense and antimissile system of ship formation is studied.The evaluation model of operational effectiveness,both individual and stage effectiveness for ship formation cooperative air defense and antimissile system were proposed by combing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and index method.An example was given to verify the feasibility of the method,which can provide technical support for operational effectiveness evaluation of the ship formation in cooperative air defense and antimissile system.

Integrated Air and Missile Defense System-of-Systems of the US Army and Its Inspiration

LI Sen, ZHANG Tao, CHEN Gang, YAO Xiao-qiang, MA Chao

2020, 48(6): 26-38. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.005

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Integrated air and missile defense (IAMD) system-of-systems (SoS) is the basic form of the integration of heterogeneous air defense forces,and plays an important role in the future air and space defense operations.Firstly,based on the reasons and objectives of the construction of IAMD,it is pointed out that the construction idea of the IAMD is decoupling the weapon systems and dynamic reorganization of the elements.Secondly,the overall architecture of the system is analyzed,and the core functions of the two key systems integrated battle command system (IBCS) and integrated fire control network (IFCN) are studied.Thirdly,the test situation and ability evolvement of the SoS are reviewed systematically,the construction emphases and development trend are discussed.Finally,the inspiration and suggestion of our army system construction are put forward.The research results show that the US Army has initially possessed the capability of distributed and networked air and missile defense operations.

Trend Analysis of Skip Glide for Hypersonic Vehicle

MENG Fan-qing, TIAN Kang-sheng, HAN Chun-yao, XU Dao-ming, LU Qi

2020, 48(6): 39-47. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.006

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The change trend of state variables,such as flight speed,velocity angle,longitudinal range,altitude,for hypersonic glide vehicle under the condition of skip glide are studied.The numerical solutions of the vehicle state variables are obtained with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.The numerical solutions of state variables are fitted with different order orthogonal polynomials,and the analytical solutions representing the variation trend of the state variables are solved.The simulation results show that the mean difference of the root mean square error (RMSE) of the three analytic solutions of flight speed,velocity angle and altitude is 20 m/s,0.1° and 1.5 km respectively,so the variation trend of flight speed,velocity angle and altitude under the skip glide condition can be expressed by the first order orthogonal polynomial.The RMSE of the first order analytic solution of the flight longitudinal range is obviously larger than that of the second order analytic solution and the third order analytic solution,so the flight longitudinal range under the skip glide condition can be expressed by the second order or the third order orthogonal polynomial.

A Kind of Software Development Lifecycle Model for Missle Software

ZHAO Shu-jun

2020, 48(6): 48-52. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.007

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Missile software is the brain and a key part of missile weapon system.The control of its developing process is of vital importance to the quality of the software itself and even of the whole weapon system.Analyzes the main characteristics of missile software,presents a kind of software development lifecycle model,and describes each stage of it.The model is also adaptable to other software with similar characteristics.

Fractional Order Sliding Mode Decoupling of Rotating Missile Control Coupling

DAI Shu-tao, CHEN Hua-bing, CHENG Yang-min, YANG Yu-xing

2020, 48(6): 53-59. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.008

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Fractional Order Sliding Mode Decoupling of Rotating Missile Control Coupling Aiming at the problem of control coupling caused by the dual-channel actuator of missile rotating around its longitudinal axis,a decoupling method based on the sliding mode variable structure control principle is proposed in order to avoid inverting transfer function matrix.By analyzing the state space model of the dual-channel coupled actuator,the corresponding sliding mode control law is designed.In order to reduce the chatter of the sliding mode control method,the sliding mode control principle and the fractional order calculus theory are combined to design a fractional order sliding mode decoupling controller.Simulation results show that the fractional order sliding mode decoupling controller can solve the problem of poor robustness of the traditional frequency domain compensation decoupling method to parameter perturbation,and reduce the chatter of the sliding mode control method.

Analysis on Antijamming Ability of Wireless Communication of Air Defense Missile Weapon System

CHANG Hai-rui, WANG Feng

2020, 48(6): 60-66. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.009

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In the modern high-tech war,the electromagnetic environment is becoming more and more complex.Electronic attack weapons have covered almost all of the military communication frequency bands,forming a new “soft” and “hard” electronic attack situation.Based on the typical communication jamming equipment of foreign army,aiming at the typical stand-off jamming and throwing jamming environment,analyses and studies the interference countermeasure ability of the wireless communication system of the typical air defense combat weapon system.

Research on Target Threat Assessment of Amphibious Assault Ship to Air Self-Defense

WANG Mu-hong, XU Yu, CHEN Guo-sheng

2020, 48(6): 67-73. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.010

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The factors affecting the threat level of the target are analyzed in amphibious assault ship (AAS) to air self-defense.And the attribute values of each factor are quantified.The weights of each factor are determined by combination weighting method based on entropy eveluation method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP).According to the weapon performances of AAS and the situation at that time,the incoming air targets are further divided into four categories.On this basis,the threat assessment model of AAS to air self-defense is established.Finally,two typical situations are designed for simulation calculation and the results show the model is economic.

Research on Safety Monitoring and Training System of Large Aircraft

XU Lin, ZHOU Yong, AN Wen-guo, WEI Wei

2020, 48(6): 74-80. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.011

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In order to solve the growing pressure of large aircraft flight safety,a safety monitoring and training system of large aircraft was designed.Without affecting the original aircraft system,the data of the aircraft was collected.Combining the wireless communication,visualization and data processing technology,the data was shared with the ground facilities in real-time.In this way,the real-time sharing safety monitoring mechanism for flight and ground crew was set up.Based on data analysis,flight training and equipment health management system was built up,so as to promote the safety of large aircraft flight,the informatization of training,the intelligent of equipment maintenance.

Air-to-Ground Target Intelligent Detection Algorithm Based on Dual Attention Mechanism

WANG Wen-qing, PANG Ying, LIU Yang, YANG Dong-fang, ZHANG Meng

2020, 48(6): 81-88. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.012

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Air-to-ground target detection plays an important role in performing typical military and civilian tasks on air-based unmanned platforms such as drones and missiles.Aiming at the problems of fewer effective features and high false detection rate of the air-to-ground target intelligent detection method,an air-to-ground target intelligent detection algorithm based on the dual attention mechanism is proposed.First,a channel attention mechanism is established,focusing on the important channels in the feature layer that contain the effective features of the target.Second,the spatial attention mechanism is used to enable the network to focus on local key target areas.The dual attention mechanism combines the advantages of the channel attention mechanism and the spatial attention mechanism to improve the efficiency of target detection.A loss function that couples the dual attention mechanism and target detection is also designed,which realizes the synchronous optimization of the loss function.Finally,a comparative experiment is performed using the air-to-ground target detection data set.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher target detection accuracy and training speed than other algorithms in the air-to-ground scenario.

Exploration of Early Warning System for Near Space Hypersonic Vehicle

LIU Zun-yang, CHEN Tian-yu

2020, 48(6): 89-95. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.013

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In order to deal with the threat of hypersonic target in the near space,the construction of early warning and detection system for hypersonic vehicle in the near space is explored,on the basis of analying the target radiation characteristics.The overall structure of an early warning system consisting of command and control center,information processing center and infrared and radar detectors on different platforms is designed.The working characteristics and tasks of detectors on different platforms are analyzed.The basic working process of the detection system is sorted out.Finally,the requirements and main construction directions of high-efficiency early warning system are analyzed.It is expected that the research results is of some reference value for the construction of hypersonic flight early warning system in the near space.

Intelligent Development of Equipment Stealth Technology

WANG Long, XU Ke-jun, WANG Liu-ying, LIU Gu, YANG Neng-jun, LI Ping, GE Chao-qun

2020, 48(6): 96-102. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.014

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Equipment stealth technology is as important as firepower,maneuver and combat task,and it has become a crucial high-tech of modern weapons.In modern battlefield environment,there are radar,laser,infrared,visible and other multi-band advanced military reconnaissance equipment and precision guided weapons.Multi-source and multi-dimensional detection information fusion can lock and destroy the target with high precision.Most static camouflage technology can not meet the requirements of complex combat environment under the condition of multi-source and multi-dimensional system.There are some limitations,such as band compatibility is not wide enough,wide band performance is uneven,and dynamic adjustable controllability is poor.In view of the two inevitable development needs of multispectral compatibility and intelligence in the equipment stealth technology under the condition of new military revolution,the new breakthroughs in the stealth technology and materials about the world’s military powers are analyzed,which provides important reference for the future development of the intelligent stealth technology of our army.

Method of Navigation Reliability Assessment Based on Mission Performing Mode

ZHOU Chun-ming, GAN Zu-wang, HE Yun-kun, ZHAO Min

2020, 48(6): 103-107. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.015

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In recent years,because of the development of new underwater weaponwith long navigation time and distance,navigation reliability assessment method which based on success or failure often in tests is debated.One side,utilizing short navigation test data to assess reliability doesn’t consider the navigation time resulting in the low trustiness,on the other hand,performing adequate long navigation reliability tests is not only restricted on expenditure,development period and high risk,but also affected by the divorce from the other functionality and performance test,which brings about the low test efficiency and the insufficiency of data using.Therefor,based on the mission performing mode and combined with the exponential reliability distribution of underwater weapons,a method for actual navigation reliability test and assessment is proposed,which gives consideration to feasibility and practicability requirments and is adaptable to reliability engineering practice of underwater weapons.

Research on the Construction of Evaluation Indicator System for Equipment Operational Test

SUN Peng, ZHU Hao-xiang, ZHAO Yong, LI Da-xi

2020, 48(6): 108-113. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.016

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Focused on the badly need of real battle assessments,clarified the target location and concept of evaluation indicator system for equipment operational test at first,and then proposed an evaluation idea of operational test based on need and mission.On this basis,gave the construction method and optimization method of evaluation indicator system.Finally,analysed the focus of test for indicator system rationality.The result have reference significance for equipment operational test.

Application of an Improved Feature Extraction Method in Intelligent Loading

SUN Yan-yi, DING Li-ping, ZHANG Ya-li, GAN Xing-ye, TANG Ri-jia, HAN Rui

2020, 48(6): 114-120. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2020.06.017

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Image processing technology is one of the key technologies of intelligent automatic loading and unloading design.In order to solve the problems of missile accurate positioning and grasping device accurate operation in the loading and unloading process,an image enhancement algorithm and improved edge feature extraction algorithm were proposed.Experiment results of image processing show that the algorithm is robust to highlight,rain and fog,et al.

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