Research on Modeling Technology and Feature Cognition of Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Aerospace Targets

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2023.03.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Accurate detection of aerospace target is the primary challenge of recognition. The electromagnetic scattering characteristics are an important basis for radar sensor-based target recognition in defense systems. This paper summarizes the current status of foreign research on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of aerospace target. Aiming at the difficulties such as accurate modeling， efficient simulation， and recognition of application of electromagnetic scattering characteristics of aerospace targets with high dynamic and complex structures， the research approach of electromagnetic scattering characteristics modeling and feature recognition technology of aerospace targets are proposed. Combined with simulation examples， it expounds the methods for realizing dynamic scene construction of target groups， efficient generation of target characteristics， and feature cognition of typical dynamic scenes such as micro-motion， separation and target groups. This paper analyzes changes in the scattering mechanism caused by the future development of aerospace targets and presents ideas for deepening research on the characteristics of aerospace defense targets.

Key words: aerospace target, target characteristic, electromagnetic scattering characteristics, dynamic scene, the efficient generation, feature cognition

摘要：

空天目标的准确探测是识别面临的首要问题，目标电磁散射特性是雷达传感器目标识别的重要依据。概述了国外空天目标电磁散射特性研究发展现状，针对高动态复杂结构空天目标电磁散射精确建模、高效仿真和识别应用的普适性等难点问题，提出了空天目标电磁散射特性建模与特征认知技术研究途径。并结合仿真算例阐述了目标群动态场景构建、目标特性高效生成，以及微动、分离和目标群等典型动态场景特征认知的实现方法；针对未来空天目标发展引起的散射机理变化，提出了未来空天目标特性深化研究的发展设想。

关键词: 空天目标, 目标特性, 电磁散射特性, 动态场景, 高效生成, 特征认知

CLC Number:

TN959.1⁺7

Zhihe XIAO, Hongmei REN, Chunzhu DONG, Tao ZHAO, Xuan CHEN. Research on Modeling Technology and Feature Cognition of Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Aerospace Targets[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2023, 51(3): 83-90.

肖志河, 任红梅, 董纯柱, 赵涛, 陈轩. 空天目标电磁散射特性建模与特征认知研究[J]. 现代防御技术, 2023, 51(3): 83-90.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1 The “land -sea-air-space”measurement system in the United States

Fig. 2 Research on dynamic simulation of aerospace target characteristics

Fig. 3 Common coordinate system diagram

Fig. 4 Precession target flight scenario

Fig. 5 Radar line of sight angle of four radars

Fig. 6 Target structures

Fig. 7 High frequency asymptotic method based on ray tube splitting technique

Fig. 8 Model for generating dynamic electromagnetic scattering characteristics of multi-source scattering centers

Fig. 9 Compressed reconstruction comparison diagram

Fig. 10 One-dimensional range profile history diagram of cone micro-motion target

Fig. 11 Flow chart of acquiring target precession angle and structural parameters

Table 1 Comparison of precession angles extracted by different methods

方法	t/s	θ /（°）	e/（°）
真实值		10
最大最小值方法	2	9.719 8	0.280 2
曲线拟合的方法	0.8	9.927 6	0.072 4

Fig. 12 Change of one-dimensional range profile in one second

Table 2 Changes of targets scattering at different times

时刻t/s	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7
分散特性	4.127	4.442	6.548	8.680	11.166	12.985

Table 3 k value and error when three targets are horizontal arrangement

目标方位	距离500 mm		距离1 000 mm
目标方位	k值	误差/%	k值	误差/%
0~60°前侧向	5.9	21.05	5.1	27.52
60°~120°侧向	1.9	34.40	1.9	29.79
120°~180°后侧向	1.7	16.94	2.0	4.16

Table 4 k value and error when three targets are vertical arrangement

目标方位	距离500 mm		距离1 000 mm
目标方位	k值	误差/%	k值	误差/%
0~60°前侧向	5.3	20.01	6.6	24.65
60°~120°侧向	1.5	32.36	1.7	30.35
120°~180°后侧向	1.8	16.94	1.9	17.07

Table 5 k value and error when three targets are triangle arrangement

目标方位	距离500 mm		距离1 000 mm
目标方位	k值	误差/%	k值	误差/%
0~60°前侧向	2.7	16.74	3.1	19.89
60~120°侧向	1.6	35.05	1.9	18.50
120°~180°后侧向	2.1	3.88	2.0	4.30

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