Modern Defense Technology

Lyapunov Equation-Based Variable Structure Control for Hypersonic Vehicles

GUO Jian-guo, YANG Sheng-jiang, LU Ning-bo, WANG Guo-qing

2021, 49(6): 1-8. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.001

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A sliding mode variable structure control method based on the Lyapunov equation is proposed for the non-matching uncertainty in the dynamic model of hypersonic vehicles.A tracking-oriented control system model with non-matching disturbances is established to estimate non-matching disturbances by introducing a nonlinear perturbation observer.A new sliding-mode surface consisting of the perturbation estimates of the velocity subsystem and the altitude subsystem is proposed,and a sliding-mode controller is derived for the non-matching disturbances.The stability of the system is proved based on the stability criterion starting from the Lyapunov equation,from which the relationship between the tracking error accuracy of the two subsystems and the estimation error of the unmatched disturbance is obtained.The simulation results show the correctness of the method.

Real Combat-Like Improved Model of Operational Effectiveness Evaluation of Air Defense Missile Weapon System

GONG Liang, WANG Qing-quan, LUO Hong-ji

2021, 49(6): 9-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.003

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In order to deepen the exploration of equipment operational effectiveness evaluation method,taking an air defense missile weapon system as the evaluation object,based on the ADC (availability dependability capacity) effectiveness evaluation model,the real combat elements are integrated into the model from four aspects of weapon system combat process,human factors,target characteristics and confrontation environment.The example shows that the operational effectiveness of the air defense missile weapon system under certain environment condition and mission background is evaluated comprehensively,reasonably and accurately through the real combat-like improvement of the evaluation model.

Development of Near Space Hypersonic Vehicles and Defense Strategies Analysis

WANG Peng-fei, LUO Chang, BAI Yan

2021, 49(6): 16-21. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.004

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The rapid development of near space hypersonic vehicles has produced a huge challenge to traditional aerospace defense systems.Recent development of near space hypersonic vehicles is briefly introduced.The flight characteristics of near space hypersonic vehicles are analyzed from three aspects,such as trajectory,dynamics and electromagnetism.The shortcomings of the current aerospace defense system for intercepting near space hypersonic vehicles are sorted out.The defense strategies against near space hypersonic vehicles are discussed.Research conclusions can be used as references for the construction of defense systems against near space hypersonic vehicles.

Research on Controllable Dispersion Technology for Rod Killing Element

ZHANG Liang, MAO Chuan, LI Chuan, LI Jun-long, GAO Wei, CHEN Hua-wen, HE You-wei

2021, 49(6): 22-28. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.002

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In order to effectively control the flying attitude and integrity of the rod-type killing element,combined with the rotation mechanism of the rod-type killing element,the influence of the oblique angle on the flying posture of the rod-type killing element was analyzed,and a product design method that can control the flying posture of the rod-type killing element was obtained.Combining the theoretical analysis and simulation calculation of the integrity of the rod-type killing element,by adjusting the pressure distribution and energy distribution on the rod-type killing element,the velocity vector distribution on the rod-type killing element is improved,and the deformation of the rod-type killing element is reduced,the rod-type killing element integrity control method was carried out.The rod-type killing element controllable flying test was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the rod-type killing element flying attitude and integrity control method.

Mechanical Performance Comparison of Two Types of Inflated Saucer-Shaped Airbag Structure

ZHANG Qing-nan, LI Ang, CHEN Xiao-lan, FAN Bo-jun, LI Jia-xin

2021, 49(6): 29-35. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.006

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In order to study the mechanical performance of the flexible inflated airship working in the stratospheric,two types of inflated saucer-shaped airbag structure,which are separate-curtain and high-pressure air-tube,are researched.A finite-element model for the airbag is established based on the membrane element and nonlinear contact algorithm.Based on this model,the deformation and stress distribution of two types of airbag under the same inflation pressure and load are analyzed and compared.The validity of the simulation analysis is verified by the comparative analysis of the experimental results.The results show that the high-pressure air-tube structure shows better rigidity and more uniform stress distribution with relatively higher inflation pressure of air-tube,which can effectively avoid the failure such as the membrane wrinkles.

Study on Kinematics Characteristics of Variant Aircraft

LÜ Tie-gang, CHEN Guo-guang

2021, 49(6): 36-42. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.007

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In order to solve the problems of large storage space and difficult transportation of aircraft wing,a longitudinal secondary deformation structure model is designed based on the diamond-back wing to search for a miniaturized launcher.The structural dynamics model of the deformed wing is established by Lagrange equation.The kinematics characteristics of the deformed wing is analyzed,and the dynamic equations of the deformed wing in the process of unrolling are obtained.The results show that the distribution of the vibration energy of the deformed wing is determined by the external excitation or action on the system,and shows different aerodynamic characteristics at different Mach numbers.The modeling method satisfies the kinematics characteristics of the deformed wing during the opening process,which can provide a new idea for the engineering design and application of the variant aircraft.

Research on Bias Proportional Navigation Guidance Law Based on Terminal Impact Angle Constraint

YAN Peng-hui, LIU Gang, MIAO Qian-shu

2021, 49(6): 43-48. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.008

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To improve the impact angle and strike accuracy for anti-tank missiles of helicopter,The terminal impact angle constraint for missile with relative motion relationship between the missile and the target is given based on the relative motion and collision triangle relationship between the missile and the target.The relational expression of the variable bias proportional guidance law based on the impact angle constraint is derived.Through comparison with ballistic shaping guidance law and segmented variable gain proportional guidance law,this guidance law has high guidance accuracy with less overload change and control energy consumption.The research on this guidance law shows that it can meet different simulation conditions and has the higher impact angle accuracy.The research of this guidance law shows that it can meet different simulation conditions and has the higher impact angle accuracy.With the increase of the impact angle constraint,the changes of missile overload and control energy consumption intensify.The influence of the guidance law on the trajectory is further discussed.The analysis of bias term and the angular velocity changes of line-of-sight angle between missile and target shows that the guidance command is initially dominated by the bias term,when the trajectory climbs,and subsequently transforms into proportional term,which completes the impact angle constraint and also ensures the convergence of the trajectory.

Research on the Mode of Laser-Guided Weapon Striking Across the River-Sea Bridge

CHEN Li-fei, ZONG Si-guang, YANG Jian-bo

2021, 49(6): 49-55. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.009

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Laser-guided weapons have been widely used in combat,and their precision characteristics are outstanding for striking important military targets such as bridges.Each type of bridge has different load transfer methods and different weak points.A typical bridge is selected for stress analysis,and a targeting point for laser-guided weapons is selected based on curve fitting.Combining the aircraft assault angle,the indicator safety indicating range and “shooting” tactics,an application method of air-to-ground laser-guided weapons against the bridge is proposed.This study can not only serve as a theoretical reference for air-to-ground attack bridge operations,but also provide a theoretical basis for the allocation of air defense forces to important targets of river-sea bridge.

Sensor Scheduling Method under Radiation Risk and Multitarget Tracking Accuracy Constraints

AN Lei, LI Zhao-rui, JI Bing

2021, 49(6): 56-67. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.010

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Aiming at the issue of multi-target tracking in a clutter environment,a non-myopic scheduling method of sensor radiation control is proposed to improve the tracking accuracy and reduce the usage cost.Based on the partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) and random finite set (RFS),the target state model and observation model are established;according to the idea of Interception Probability,an improved radiation risk quantification method is proposed;for balancing the tracking accuracy and radiation risk effectively,an optimization function is created.The Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density (GM-PHD) smoothing filter is used to update the multi-target state,and optimal subpattern assignment (OSPA) distance is used as the measurement index to propose the prediction method of multi-target non-myopic tracking accuracy;combined with the maximum range of target radiation warning,the prediction method of non-myopic radiation cost is proposed;and the sensor scheduling process is designed.The feasibility and effectiveness of the scheduling model and method are verified by simulation experiments.The results show that using the improved radiation risk quantification method for scheduling can further improve the utilization efficiency of sensor resources on the basis of realizing radiation control.The proposed scheduling method can ensure the accuracy of multi-target tracking,effectively reduce the radiation risk and switching times of sensors,and realize the reasonable scheduling of multi-sensor multi-target tracking in clutter environment.

Research on Timing Control Algorithm of Unbeamed Decoy System for Counterating Anti-Radiation Missile

WAN Peng-Fei, FU Xiao-long, LI Yue-Wei

2021, 49(6): 68-73. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.011

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Anti-radiation missile (ARM) is the archenemy of radar on the current battlefield,while using active decoy against ARM is a comparative convenient and effective method.The operating principle of the passive radar seeker (PRS) and decoy is studied.The timing control algorithm is discussed based on the three-point unbeamed decoy system.Simulation experiment verifies its validity.

Radar Clutter Suppression Method Based on Neural Network Optimized by Genetic Algorithm

SHI Duan-yang, LIN Qiang, HU Bing, CHEN Jia-xun

2021, 49(6): 74-83. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.012

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Aiming at the problems that the radar tracking and occupies data processing resources are affected by the residual clutter after target detection,a radar clutter suppression method based on genetic algorithm (GA) optimized back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed.By analyzing the differentiated features of radar target plots and clutter plots,multi-dimensional features are selected as input independent variables,and BP neural network classifier model is designed to classify radar target plots and clutter plots,so as to filter clutter.During the data input, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the input independent variables of neural network to reduce the dimension of input data and shorten the modeling time.During the neural network training process,GA is used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of BP neural network to improve the network convergence speed and recognition accuracy.Tests on radar measured data show that:the BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm has a 1.5% increase in the recognition rate of radar clutter plots and a 20.4% reduction in recognition time compared with the traditional BP neural network.

Research on Outboard Active+Smoke Cooperation Jamming Based on Multi-Information

ZHI Cun, LÜ Ming-shan, WANG Long-tao

2021, 49(6): 84-89. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.013

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A new jamming decision is proposed to improve the jamming effect of outboard active+smoke jamming on radar+infrared composite guided anti-ship missiles.Outboard active+smoke jamming is an effective means of countering radar+infrared composite guided anti-ship missiles.The deployment decision of the outboard active jammer and the coordinated decision-making of the smoke screen play a vital role in the jamming effect.By analyzing the guidance principle of radar+infrared composite guided anti-ship missiles,and using simulation modeling methods,a precise coordinated deployment decision of outboard active jamming and smoke screen jamming is proposed,which can improve the success rate of jamming in actual use.

Reliability Analysis of Complex System Based on Interval Bayesian Network

XIONG Na, MEI Tian-yu, LI Fei

2021, 49(6): 90-97. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.014

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In view of the fact that it is difficult for the traditional fault tree model to express the multi-state and fuzziness of events,a reliability analysis method of complex system based on interval Bayesian network is proposed.Aiming at the problem of multi-state events in the fault tree model,the forward reasoning and reverse reasoning methods of Bayesian network are proposed to determine the probability indexes of the top event/bottom events in different states when the states of the bottom events/top event are determined.Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to determine the failure rates of bottom events,triangular fuzzy subset and interval triangular fuzzy subset are introduced to determine the reliability value of complex system under different input conditions.The accuracy and feasibility of the model is verified by the reliability analysis results,which has great practical value in engineering practice,and can be applied to the reliability analysis and fault diagnosis of complex system with small sample failure data.

Effectiveness Evaluation Technology of Aviation Equipment System Based on Human Factors

LÜ Bao, LIU Zhao, WEI Xiao-gen

2021, 49(6): 98-105. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.015

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For the previous evaluation of equipment system effectiveness,people pay more attention to the technical ability of equipment and ignore the influence of human on equipment effectiveness.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the effectiveness of aviation equipment system,a human factor based equipment system effectiveness evaluation method is proposed for the equipment qualification test requirements under the new situation.The human factor coefficient model for evaluating the effectiveness of the aviation equipment system is established,which effectively solves the problem of not fully considering the influence of human factors in the previous system effectiveness evaluation and makes the equipment system effectiveness assessment results more closely related to the actual use in the field.

Modeling of Storage Quantity of Equipment Maintenance Materials Under the Stockpile and Supply Mode

ZHENG Hua-ying, GAO Qi

2021, 49(6): 106-111. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.016

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Aiming at the stockpile and supply mode of equipment maintenance materials,this paper analyzes the loss cost and shortage time caused by the shortage and overstock of equipment maintenance materials stored by the army and the manufacturer,and based on the goal of minimizing the loss cost and shortage time of equipment maintenance materials,gives the modeling method of the storage quantity of equipment maintenance materials stored by the army and the manufacturer.An example shows the sensitivity and applicability of the model.

Identification of Seeker Transient Shock Environment and Difference Analysis Between Flight and Ground Test

SU Hua-chang, SUN Ying, CHEN Gui-ling, FU Wei, WANG Ying

2021, 49(6): 112-117. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2021.06.005

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A seeker is failed during operation.The data analysis reveals that the seeker is abnormal at the moment of engine ignition,but the product has passed the shock test examination before delivery.In order to find the cause of failure,a transfer characteristic test of the seeker is carried out,and then the transient shock environment of the installation section is identified based on the time history of the telemetry position.Through comparison with ground tests,it is found that the current environmental assessment methods can't fully cover the actual use environment,which provides an important basis for fault location and test improvement.The research can provide reference for the analysis and formulation of environmental conditions of other products.

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