Modern Defense Technology ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 14-29.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2026.01.002
• SPECIAL COLUMN • Previous Articles Next Articles
Xucheng CHANG1, Xinhui ZHANG2, Shuailong DANG2, Feng ZHU2, Jingyu WANG2, Gaohan XU2
Received:2025-10-13
Revised:2026-01-04
Online:2026-01-28
Published:2026-02-11
Contact:
Xinhui ZHANG
常绪成1, 张心慧2, 党帅龙2, 朱锋2, 王敬宇2, 徐高涵2
通讯作者:
张心慧
作者简介:常绪成(1983-),男,山东泰安人,副教授,博士,研究方向为多智能体协同控制。
基金资助:CLC Number:
Xucheng CHANG, Xinhui ZHANG, Shuailong DANG, Feng ZHU, Jingyu WANG, Gaohan XU. Research on UAV Path Planning Based on an Improved A*-DWA Hierarchical Fusion Algorithm[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2026, 54(1): 14-29.
常绪成, 张心慧, 党帅龙, 朱锋, 王敬宇, 徐高涵. 面向无人机路径规划的A*-DWA分层融合算法[J]. 现代防御技术, 2026, 54(1): 14-29.
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URL: https://www.xdfyjs.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2026.01.002
| 参数 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 单位时间/s | 1 |
| 最大线速度/(m·s-1) | 30 |
| 最大绕θ轴角速度/(rad·s-1) | 60 π/180 |
| 最大绕ϕ轴角速度/(rad·s-1) | 60 π/180 |
| 线速度加速度/(m·s-2) | 50 |
| 绕θ轴角加速度/(rad/s-2) | 60 π/180 |
| 绕ϕ轴角加速度/(rad·s-2) | 60 π/180 |
| 距离阈值/m | 2 |
| 最大威胁距离 | 8 |
| 安全距离 | 4 |
| 偏移阈值 | 10 |
| 调整系数 | 0.5 |
Table 1 Simulation parameter data sheet
| 参数 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 单位时间/s | 1 |
| 最大线速度/(m·s-1) | 30 |
| 最大绕θ轴角速度/(rad·s-1) | 60 π/180 |
| 最大绕ϕ轴角速度/(rad·s-1) | 60 π/180 |
| 线速度加速度/(m·s-2) | 50 |
| 绕θ轴角加速度/(rad/s-2) | 60 π/180 |
| 绕ϕ轴角加速度/(rad·s-2) | 60 π/180 |
| 距离阈值/m | 2 |
| 最大威胁距离 | 8 |
| 安全距离 | 4 |
| 偏移阈值 | 10 |
| 调整系数 | 0.5 |
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 规划时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 202.06±0.52 | 23.63±0.34 | 0.99 | 100 |
| DWA | 204.23±0.43 | 23.76±0.63 | 0.99 | 95 |
| RRT | 209.78±3.40 | 28.08±0.56 | 0.98±0.01 | 85 |
| RRT-DWA | 208.76±2.20 | 27.68±0.58 | 0.98±0.01 | 95 |
| APF-DWA | 210.82±0.58 | 26.13±0.47 | 0.98±0.02 | 90 |
| TD3 | 204.58±1.32 | 27.34±1.16 | 0.99±0.01 | 95 |
Table 2 Experimental data statistics table
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 规划时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 202.06±0.52 | 23.63±0.34 | 0.99 | 100 |
| DWA | 204.23±0.43 | 23.76±0.63 | 0.99 | 95 |
| RRT | 209.78±3.40 | 28.08±0.56 | 0.98±0.01 | 85 |
| RRT-DWA | 208.76±2.20 | 27.68±0.58 | 0.98±0.01 | 95 |
| APF-DWA | 210.82±0.58 | 26.13±0.47 | 0.98±0.02 | 90 |
| TD3 | 204.58±1.32 | 27.34±1.16 | 0.99±0.01 | 95 |
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升 | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -14.996 | 1.295 1×10-11 | 4.491 | +1.06 | -0.684 | 5.024 0×10-1 | 0.199 | +0.52 |
| RRT | -9.729 | 4.018 7×10-08 | 3.186 | +3.68 | -71.112 | 1.925 7×10-21 | 9.422 | +15.82 |
| RRT-DWA | -13.042 | 1.305 8×10-10 | 4.172 | +3.21 | -66.307 | 5.787 6×10-23 | 8.578 | +14.63 |
| APF-DWA | -58.727 | 4.484 8×10-21 | 15.963 | +4.16 | -32.292 | 1.066 5×10-16 | 6.152 | +9.56 |
| TD3 | -8.143 | 2.867 3×10-7 | 2.454 | +1.23 | -12.849 | 3.511 7×10-10 | 4.356 | +13.55 |
Table 3 Summary table of statistical tests
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升 | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -14.996 | 1.295 1×10-11 | 4.491 | +1.06 | -0.684 | 5.024 0×10-1 | 0.199 | +0.52 |
| RRT | -9.729 | 4.018 7×10-08 | 3.186 | +3.68 | -71.112 | 1.925 7×10-21 | 9.422 | +15.82 |
| RRT-DWA | -13.042 | 1.305 8×10-10 | 4.172 | +3.21 | -66.307 | 5.787 6×10-23 | 8.578 | +14.63 |
| APF-DWA | -58.727 | 4.484 8×10-21 | 15.963 | +4.16 | -32.292 | 1.066 5×10-16 | 6.152 | +9.56 |
| TD3 | -8.143 | 2.867 3×10-7 | 2.454 | +1.23 | -12.849 | 3.511 7×10-10 | 4.356 | +13.55 |
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 完成时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 215.55±3.44 | 28.40±2.43 | 0.94±0.02 | 95 |
| DWA | 218.84±5.78 | 42.46±5.29 | 0.92±0.03 | 75 |
| RRT | 227.17±8.92 | 37.36±5.22 | 0.87±0.04 | 85 |
| RRT-DWA | 223.65±7.83 | 40.65±5.82 | 0.91±0.04 | 90 |
| APF-DWA | 220.69±3.93 | 41.43±3.74 | 0.82±0.07 | 85 |
| TD3 | 232.74±8.64 | 39.56±4.94 | 0.84±0.03 | 80 |
Table 4 Experimental data statistics table
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 完成时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 215.55±3.44 | 28.40±2.43 | 0.94±0.02 | 95 |
| DWA | 218.84±5.78 | 42.46±5.29 | 0.92±0.03 | 75 |
| RRT | 227.17±8.92 | 37.36±5.22 | 0.87±0.04 | 85 |
| RRT-DWA | 223.65±7.83 | 40.65±5.82 | 0.91±0.04 | 90 |
| APF-DWA | 220.69±3.93 | 41.43±3.74 | 0.82±0.07 | 85 |
| TD3 | 232.74±8.64 | 39.56±4.94 | 0.84±0.03 | 80 |
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升 | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -1.469 | 1.655 2×10-1 | 0.689 | +1.51 | -9.392 | 3.704 6×10-7 | 3.683 | +33.10 |
| RRT | -4.421 | 4.957 9×10-4 | 1.715 | +5.11 | -8.241 | 3.764 2×10-7 | 2.360 | +23.98 |
| RRT-DWA | -4.265 | 5.233 4×10-4 | 1.295 | +3.62 | -8.374 | 3.048 2e×10-7 | 2.685 | +30.13 |
| APF-DWA | -5.410 | 5.784 7×10-5 | 1.396 | +2.33 | -15.133 | 1.714 3×10-10 | 4.347 | +31.45 |
| TD3 | -6.668 | 1.065 3×10-5 | 2.550 | +7.39 | -6.875 | 7.624 ×10-6 | 2.811 | +28.19 |
Table 5 Summary table of statistical tests
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升 | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -1.469 | 1.655 2×10-1 | 0.689 | +1.51 | -9.392 | 3.704 6×10-7 | 3.683 | +33.10 |
| RRT | -4.421 | 4.957 9×10-4 | 1.715 | +5.11 | -8.241 | 3.764 2×10-7 | 2.360 | +23.98 |
| RRT-DWA | -4.265 | 5.233 4×10-4 | 1.295 | +3.62 | -8.374 | 3.048 2e×10-7 | 2.685 | +30.13 |
| APF-DWA | -5.410 | 5.784 7×10-5 | 1.396 | +2.33 | -15.133 | 1.714 3×10-10 | 4.347 | +31.45 |
| TD3 | -6.668 | 1.065 3×10-5 | 2.550 | +7.39 | -6.875 | 7.624 ×10-6 | 2.811 | +28.19 |
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 规划时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 219.01±6.21 | 28.50±2.26 | 0.94±0.03 | 90 |
| DWA | 250.83±28.31 | 42.55±5.48 | 0.89±0.08 | 65 |
| RRT | 230.27±11.17 | 37.35±5.52 | 0.85±0.03 | 70 |
| RRT-DWA | 221.03±5.56 | 39.41±4.73 | 0.89±0.06 | 80 |
| APF-DWA | 220.46±4.49 | 42.72±3.54 | 0.82±0.06 | 75 |
| TD3 | 233.11±8.22 | 39.79±5.45 | 0.82±0.04 | 70 |
Table 6 Experimental data statistics table
| 算法类型 | 路径长度/m | 规划时间/s | 路径光滑度 | 避障成功率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A*-DWA | 219.01±6.21 | 28.50±2.26 | 0.94±0.03 | 90 |
| DWA | 250.83±28.31 | 42.55±5.48 | 0.89±0.08 | 65 |
| RRT | 230.27±11.17 | 37.35±5.52 | 0.85±0.03 | 70 |
| RRT-DWA | 221.03±5.56 | 39.41±4.73 | 0.89±0.06 | 80 |
| APF-DWA | 220.46±4.49 | 42.72±3.54 | 0.82±0.06 | 75 |
| TD3 | 233.11±8.22 | 39.79±5.45 | 0.82±0.04 | 70 |
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -3.745 | 3.235 5×10-3 | 1.575 | +12.69 | -10.279 | 5.610 3×10-7 | 3.671 | +33.01 |
| RRT | -3.352 | 6.450 4×10-3 | 1.282 | +4.89 | -6.278 | 4.077 7×10-5 | 2.178 | +23.70 |
| RRT-DWA | -1.068 | 3.025 0×10-1 | 0.402 | +0.91 | -8.448 | 7.218 0×10-7 | 2.809 | +27.68 |
| APF-DWA | -1.547 | 1.459 6×10-1 | 0.425 | +0.66 | -14.159 | 7.506 6×10-9 | 5.133 | +33.29 |
| TD3 | -3.923 | 2.379 5×10-3 | 1.628 | +6.05 | -5.878 | 1.064 6×10-4 | 2.669 | +28.38 |
Table 7 Summary Table of Statistical Tests
与A*-DWA 对比算法 | 路径长度 | 规划时间 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | t值 | p值 | d值 | 性能提升/% | |
| DWA | -3.745 | 3.235 5×10-3 | 1.575 | +12.69 | -10.279 | 5.610 3×10-7 | 3.671 | +33.01 |
| RRT | -3.352 | 6.450 4×10-3 | 1.282 | +4.89 | -6.278 | 4.077 7×10-5 | 2.178 | +23.70 |
| RRT-DWA | -1.068 | 3.025 0×10-1 | 0.402 | +0.91 | -8.448 | 7.218 0×10-7 | 2.809 | +27.68 |
| APF-DWA | -1.547 | 1.459 6×10-1 | 0.425 | +0.66 | -14.159 | 7.506 6×10-9 | 5.133 | +33.29 |
| TD3 | -3.923 | 2.379 5×10-3 | 1.628 | +6.05 | -5.878 | 1.064 6×10-4 | 2.669 | +28.38 |
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