Experimental Design of Simulation for Strong Electromagnetic Pulse Protection at Receiving End of Wireless Communication Systems

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2025.05.018

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that wireless communication systems are easy to be damaged under the influence of strong electromagnetic pulses， this paper took the suction cup antenna and its receiving circuit as an example and studied the coupling effect of strong electromagnetic pulses and the protection design at the receiving end of the wireless communication system. The suction cup antenna model was established using CST software， and its coupling voltage was simulated， and then the coupling voltage was imported into ADS software to test the coupling voltage of each port of the receiving circuit. According to the time-frequency domain waveform of the coupling voltage， a three-level protection circuit composed of a surge protection device， a PIN limiting circuit， and a filter circuit was designed. After simulation verification， for a 6 000 V antenna coupling voltage， the output voltage after the protection circuit was only about 1.2 V， with insertion loss less than 3dB， and the protection effect reached up to 73 dB， which is far higher than the common protection efficiency. The designed scheme provides effective protection against a strong electromagnetic pulse.

Key words: communication system, receiving circuit, electromagnetic pulse, electromagnetic, protection, simulation

摘要：

针对无线通信系统易在强电磁脉冲的影响下损坏的问题，以吸盘天线及其接收回路为例，对无线通信系统接收端的强电磁脉冲耦合效应及防护设计进行了研究，利用CST软件建立吸盘天线模型并仿真其耦合电压，再利用ADS软件输入耦合电压，并对接收回路各端口耦合电压进行测试。针对耦合电压的时频域波形，设计了由浪涌防护器件、PIN限幅电路、滤波电路组成的三级防护电路。经仿真验证，针对6 000 V的天线耦合电压，经过防护电路后，输出电压仅为1.2 V左右，插入损耗小于3 dB，且防护效果可达73 dB，远超一般防护效能，能够很好地起到防护作用。

关键词: 通信系统, 接收回路, 电磁脉冲, 电磁, 防护, 仿真

CLC Number:

TN975

Deyi TIAN, Wanghui ZHENG. Experimental Design of Simulation for Strong Electromagnetic Pulse Protection at Receiving End of Wireless Communication Systems[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2025, 53(5): 169-181.

田德逸, 郑旺辉. 无线通信系统接收端的强电磁脉冲防护仿真实验设计[J]. 现代防御技术, 2025, 53(5): 169-181.

Figures/Tables 29

Fig. 1 LEMP time-frequency domain waveform

Fig. 2 HEMP time-frequency domain waveform

Fig. 3 Strong EMP coupling path diagram

Fig. 4 Suction cup antenna

Fig. 5 Suction cup antenna CST model

Fig. 6 Suction cup antenna S-parameter curve

Fig. 7 Time-frequency domain waveform of CST strong electromagnetic pulse

Fig. 8 Antenna coupling voltage

Fig. 9 CST model

Fig. 10 Strong EMP coupling voltage on bare single-core cable

Fig. 11 Strong EMP coupling voltage for exposed shielded cables

Fig. 12 Single-core cable strong EMP coupling voltage inside a metal box

Fig. 13 Block diagram of wireless communication system transmitting and receiving signals

Fig. 14 Block diagram of super-aberrant receiver

Fig. 15 Circuit diagram of super-aberration receiving circuit

Fig. 16 Input and output voltage of each port of the super-aberration receiver circuit

Fig. 17 Schematic diagram of equivalent protection circuit of TVS

Fig. 18 Surge protection circuit S parameter take line

Fig. 19 Surge protection circuit test chart

Fig. 20 Equivalent PIN limiter circuit schematic

Fig. 21 PIN limiter circuit input/output curve

Fig. 22 S-parameter cuwe

Fig. 23 Antenna Filter Circuit Schematic

Fig.24 Antenna filter circuit s-parameter curve

Fig. 25 Input-output curves for sine wave excitation

Fig. 26 Schematic diagram of overall protection circuit for wireless communication system

Fig. 27 Overall antenna and cable coupling voltage

Fig. 28 Output voltage of each port of protection circuit of wireless communication system

Fig. 29 S-parameter of Protective circuit insertion loss pickup

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