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Table of Content

    28 August 2024, Volume 52 Issue 4
    AIR SPACE DEFENSE SYSTEM AND WEAPON
    A Review of Air Target Operational Intention Recognition Research
    Chenhao ZHANG, Yan ZHOU, Yichao CAI, Jiaqi GUO
    2024, 52(4):  1-15.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.001
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    With the continuous evolution of war forms and the upgrading of weapons and equipment, the air battlefield situation is becoming more and more complex. Quickly and accurately identifying the combat intention of the target is an important content of battlefield situation assessment, which can provide auxiliary information for commanders to make decisions and help them to seize the initiative in the war. This paper firstly introduces the basic concepts and related models of target intention recognition, defines the concepts of target intention and intention recognition, and determines the status and importance of target intention recognition from two aspects of the operational command decision-making process and information fusion process. Secondly, target features and intention space, as input attributes and recognition framework for intention recognition respectively, are the basis of intention recognition and are reviewed. Then, five common target intention recognition methods such as rule and template matching, evidence theory, Bayesian network, traditional machine learning and neural network are reviewed. The basic mechanism and recognition process of each recognition method are introduced, and its advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Finally, the performance of five kinds of target combat intention recognition methods is compared and analyzed, and the future research direction is prospected.

    Review on Complex Battlefield Electromagnetic Environment
    Yanyan MA, Qiang LIN, Chuang NIU, Duanyang SHI, Lei CHEN
    2024, 52(4):  16-23.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.002
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    The complex battlefield electromagnetic environment is an important element of the modern battlefield. It is important to master its connotation and characteristics to improve battlefield perception, weapon effectiveness, and survivability. The complex battlefield electromagnetic environment research has great application value for weapon capability. The basic concepts and research status of complex battlefield electromagnetic environment is summarized. The study of complex battlefield electromagnetic environment is summarized as electromagnetic environment description, monitoring, measurement and construction, and weapon adapt-ability test in two aspects of cognitive research and application research, and these five contents are discussed respectively. Finally, the future research direction and trend of complex battlefield electromagnetic environment are prospected

    AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY
    Review of Optimization Algorithms for UAV Routes
    Wenbiao HE, Yongjiang HU, Wenguang LI
    2024, 52(4):  24-32.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.003
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    With the increasing mission complexity and environmental uncertainty of UAV, the requirements for route planning also increase, and the complexity of the route planning problem gradually increases from single UAV route planning to multi-UAV planning, and from single mission to multi-mission. To find a solution to the UAV route planning problem, a comprehensive analysis from aspects of concept, connotation, task modeling and algorithm analysis is presented. To solve the problems of existing route planning algorithms, such as, poor optimal path effect, slow convergence speed and tendency of falling into local optimization, applications and problems of UAV route planning with A* algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm as well as ant colony algorithm are analyzed, and directions of algorithm optimizations and improvements are proposed.

    NAVIGATION,GUIDANCE AND CONTROL
    Research on Time/Frequency-Domain Index Mapping of Air-Defense Missile Rolling Channel Control
    Shuaihao YAN, Mingying WEI, Yongbin ZHENG
    2024, 52(4):  33-44.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.004
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    In the design of air-defense missile control system, how to quickly and efficiently design the control system to meet the given index has always been a hot issue. In this paper, the control structure is designed from the mathematical point of view. Taking the design of the rolling channel control system as an example, the mapping relationship between the time-domain index, the frequency-domain index and the control parameters, and the mapping relationship between the time-domain index and the frequency-domain index are established by using the analytical method, the root locus method and the amplitude-phase characteristic Bode diagram method. The mapping relationship can give consideration to both time-domain and frequency-domain indexes to design control parameters more quickly and efficiently, and can also obtain the rule of index changes when control parameters change. Finally, the correlation among system time constant, rise time, cut-off frequency and closed loop bandwidth is established analytically. Through this correlation, a clearer physical understanding of the system can be established, which is helpful to guide how to take measures when the system oscillates or diverges in engineering design.

    Analytical Modeling of Radial Electromagnetic Force of IPMSM Considering Asymmetric Saturation
    Xuelei ZHANG, Shu WANG, Zhengyu LIU, Chenghao KOU, Zuxu GUO
    2024, 52(4):  45-57.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.005
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    Due to the magnetic saturation characteristic of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), there is no effective method to analyze the radial electromagnetic force on the stator of PMSM. It is also disadvantageous to suppress the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the motor in the early stage of design and development. An analytical calculation model of electromagnetic force is presented to solve the problem of rotor unsymmetrical magnetic saturation of IPMSMs. By combining the winding function method with the equivalent magnetic circuit method, the magnetic dynamic potential of the motor considering the electromagnetic saturation is derived. The equivalent air gap permeability of the motor is calculated by using Carter factor. The air gap magnetic field model is established by the method of magnetic potential multiply permeability, and the analytical model of the radial electromagnetic force of the motor is finally established by the Maxwell stress equation. Finally, the accuracy of the model is verified by finite element method. The model can reflect the relationship between the electromagnetic force and the structure parameters of the motor, and is helpful to improve the structure of the motor quickly in the design stage to suppress the electromagnetic vibration and noise.

    An Improved Filtering Algorithm for Filtering Divergence in Integrated Navigation
    Yuhao LI, Yu CHEN, Yuhang LIU
    2024, 52(4):  58-64.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.006
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    In order to solve the problems of Kalman filter dispersion and inability to accurately track the error changes in the vehicle combination navigation system, an improved adaptive filtering algorithm is designed. By analyzing the judging condition of filter divergence in principle, combining Sage-Husa filtering with multiple fading filtering algorithm, the fading factor is introduced in the filtering process. The filtering state and updating strategy are switched by the divergence condition, so that the state of filter returns to normal in time when divergence occurs. The improved algorithm is subjected to Jetlink inertial guidance/odometer combination navigation simulation tests and track of vehicle experiment. Simulation and experimental results are presented that the divergence of filter can be suppressed, and in the meanwhile, the adaptability and stability of the filter are enhanced to a certain extent.

    COMMAND CONTROL AND COMMUNICATION
    Analysis of Anti-jamming Performance of Adaptive Frequency Selection Diversity in Troposcatter Communication
    Binsong SHEN
    2024, 52(4):  65-72.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.007
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    In order to improve the evaluation accuracy of anti-jamming performance of frequency selection diversity in troposcatter communication, an analysis method of adaptive frequency selection diversity anti-jamming performance is proposed. Based on the anti-fading diversity reception demodulation algorithm, a frequency selection anti-jamming analysis model is established. Through simulation analysis, accurate anti-interference performance of frequency selection diversity is obtained, and quantized analysis results are obtained according to different interference characteristics. The simulation results show that the adaptive frequency selection diversity anti-jamming analysis method is superior to the existing troposcatter communication anti-jamming analysis method, convenient and effective, and significantly improves the accuracy of anti-jamming performance evaluation.

    Research on the Key Technology and Application of Soldier Radio Waveform
    Chao YUN, Yanxiu ZHANG, Zhiqiang TAN, Panpan JIANG, Yiming QIAN, Yinghao DAN
    2024, 52(4):  73-88.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.008
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    The research related to the U.S. army soldier radio waveform (SRW) is analysed. An overview of the SRW waveform is given, focusing on the technical regime of the waveform, and a detailed analysis of the protocol stack and the network architecture is presented. The SRW is designed hierarchically from the physical layer, link layer and network layer and the application in relevant radio station (AN/PRC-152 radio station, AN/PRC-154 radio station, AN/PRC-155 radio station) is discussed in depth. Through the analysis and research of SRW waveform and related radio application discussion, it can provide relevant research results and reference basis for the new type of soldier self-organized network waveform design, and promote the development of new system of soldier self-grouping network radio development by leaps and bounds.

    A Review of Research on Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Methods in Target Threat Assessment
    Xuegeng ZHU, Jialu LIU
    2024, 52(4):  89-100.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.009
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    Target threat assessment provides data support for command decision-making, and multi-attribute decision-making method is an effective means of target threat assessment. Combined with the characteristics of multi-attribute decision-making methods, the research status of multi-attribute decision-making method in battlefield target threat assessment is systematically summarized from four aspects, which are threat assessment index selection, threat assessment index description, threat assessment index weight determination and target threat ranking method. The problems in each aspect are analyzed, and the future application of multi-attribute decision-making method in battlefield target threat assessment is discussed, so as to provide reference for subsequent research on battlefield target threat assessment.

    TARGET CHARACTERISTIC, DETECTION AND TRACKING TECHNOLOGY
    Research on Jamming Tactical Application of Chaff Corridor
    Aihong ZHU, Liang SUN, Mingjie LIU, Desheng JIANG
    2024, 52(4):  101-107.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.010
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    In view of complex change of chaff corridor distribution and the fact that jamming effect cannot be quantified, method for simulating the process of radar target detection in the context of foil corridors is proposed. The attenuation effect model, diffusion model and radar beam thickness model of foil corridor are established and implemented by Matlab. By setting up a variety of scenarios for simulation, the general rules of foil corridor in terms of length, width and selection of flight parameters of the attacking aircraft are summarised, which can quantitatively assess the jamming effect and optimise the application strategy of foil corridor jamming.

    A Fusion Method for Target Tracking Measurement Data of Active and Passive Radar
    Qiang LÜ, Haijun LIU, Hui ZHONG, Dezhong LIU
    2024, 52(4):  108-116.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.011
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    From the perspective of active and passive radar target tracking data fusion, this paper summarizes the measurement error distribution characteristics of discrete space distributed active and passive radars for the same air target through a qualitative analysis method of radar measurement error combing mathematical approximation processing and geometric figure analysis. A novel fusion method for active and passive radar target measurement data is proposed when the angle between the target and the deployment point of the active and passive radar is small. By optimizing the weighting coefficient allocation criteria to fully combine the advantages of the each radar measurement accuracy, the target tracking data is fused in the geosphere coordinate system to improve measurement accuracy, the target fusion data is smoothed using the extended Kalman filter algorithm. The simulation results show that this method can combine the advantages of active and passive radar target measurement accuracy, reduce the measurement error ellipse after target data fusion, and overall improve the measurement accuracy of fused target tracking data.

    Smart Jamming Method for SAR Multiple Areas Based on Noise Convolutional Modulation
    Ning WANG, Haibing FENG, Danyang LI, Lu YUAN, Xiaoliang NIE
    2024, 52(4):  117-122.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.012
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    A smart jamming method for synthetic aperture radar(SAR) multiple targets based on noise convolutional modulation is proposed to address the shortcomings of traditional noise convolutional jamming that the position of the suppression area can’t be flexibly controlled in the azimuth direction. This method performs range frequency shift, azimuth phase shift, and convolutional modulation with noise templates on the intercepted signal to control the position of the suppression area. The intercepted signal is subjected to noise convolutional modulation with different frequencies and phase to control the number of suppression areas. Theoretical and simulation results show that the proposed method achieves flexible control of the position of the suppressed area in the azimuth and range directions, and achieves jamming from a single jammer to multiple areas to be covered, improving jamming gain and achieving great jamming effects. It has certain reference value for practical engineering applications.

    Blade Stitching Technology Based on Image Semantic Segmentation and Structure Preservation Constraints
    Henglei XU, Shuaiqi CHEN, Xun SONG, Mingjie ZHU
    2024, 52(4):  123-129.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.013
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    Taking UAV's patrol shooting of fan blades as the application background, the image stitching method of fan blade images is studied, a method of background segmentation and image gridding stitching is proposed. Through in-depth learning of U-Net algorithm, the main part of the fan is extracted from the image, which can effectively deal with the difficult problem of fan blade splicing caused by large parallax and uneven distribution of target background feature points. In the process of image grid optimization, the energy function is designed based on the strategy of protecting the global linearity of the fan blade, and the grid vertex is optimized to the edge of the fan. Linear features are effectively protected. The natural stitching of several fan blades is realized. The stitching image has small distortion and continuous reality.

    INTEGRATED LOGISTICS SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY
    Modeling and Analysis of Equipment Battlefield Repair Based on Generalized Stochastic Petri Net
    Xiongfei QIU, Hua ZHANG, Runze ZHAO, Zengduan HUANG
    2024, 52(4):  130-136.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.014
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    Equipment battlefield repair is an important part of equipment support work. Traditional equipment battlefield repair has not met the needs of modern warfare. To improve the scientific and decision-making efficiency of equipment battlefield repair under information conditions, a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) is used to model and analyze the equipment battlefield repair process, and the validity of the model is judged by invariants. According to the isomorphism characteristics of the generalized stochastic Petri net and Markov chain ( MC ), the main performance indexes of the model are solved. Finally, through the example analysis, this method can effectively solve the main performance indexes of equipment battlefield repair, verify the validity and rationality of the model, and also provide a certain reference for equipment battlefield repair decisions.

    INTEGRATED TEST, LAUNCH CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
    Elements Identification of Rapid Response of Launch System Based on Association Rule
    Yuna YUE, Yan WU, Boyu ZHANG, Zhihui QI
    2024, 52(4):  137-145.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.015
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    Due to a number of contradictory design requirements of missile launch systems with outstanding performances, such as heavy load, light weight, low cost and rapid response, parameter-matching optimization on multiple constraints is indispensable. In respect to above problems, association rule mining is applied to study the effect of launch system design factors in this paper. Association rules mining model of launch system design factors is established. In addition to support-confidence framework, Kulc and IR are led into pattern evaluation to enhance the mining accuracy. An engineering example is carried out to study the effect of design parameters on rapid response. The results of the example indicate the method in this paper is able to identify the factors that play critical roles in rapid response and to realize the purpose of design space refining, optimization problems simplification and design optimization efficiency improvement.

    SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY
    Research on Optimization for Energy Efficiency of Electromagnetic Gun Based on Genetic Algorithm
    Tianliang LI, Qiusheng LI, Zhen LIU, Yuman LIU
    2024, 52(4):  146-153.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.016
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    Electromagnetic gun can customize appropriate projectile according to the vulnerability of individual target. For an aim velocity of projectile, different voltage, current, and dimension of rails, which formed solution space with multiple feasible ones, and the optimal solution should be found. Based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II(NSGA-Ⅱ), taking the muzzle velocity and energy efficiency as the goal, four multi objective optimization problems are proposed, in which projectile mass, dimension of rails, capacitance, voltage and current of electric power, are involved progressively. Based on Pareto optimal solution that solved with NSGA-Ⅱ, the main influence factors were analyzed, and some useful conclusions were drawn.

    Research Progress in Simulation of Throw Hood Separation
    Jiaxin LIAO, Gang CHEN, Houxin HE, Qingbing ZHANG
    2024, 52(4):  154-161.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-086x.2024.04.017
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    Fairing separation simulation is an important part of aerospace research and development, and its key lies in the analysis of separation safety. In this paper, we review the previous simulation studies on the safety of throw hood separation and find that the existing analysis methods and simulation methods are based on the generated simulation separation trajectory. With the development of times and needs, the environment of fairing separation and the material structure of fairing itself have changed. On the basis of the original rigid body separation trajectory, the analysis of flexible fairing has become the main research direction of simulation fairing separation. After the summary of the existing research, the author believes that the main difficulties and key technologies of the existing fairing separation simulation focus on the simplification of the coupling model, the dynamic grid and the CSD model. This paper makes a concrete analysis and prospect of these three technologies. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are given for the development of simulation of throw hood separation.